my physician guide to urinary tract infections
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my physician guide to urinary tract infectionsPlease try again.Please try again.Please try again. Drawing on expert knowledge and decades of experience, we have created the My Physician guides to bring you only the most relevant information on the conditions that affect you. Inside the My Physician Guide to Urinary Tract Infections, you will learn what causes these infections, how to pinpoint the source of your discomfort, the warning signs that your UTI might be a life threatening kidney infection, why diabetes patients have an increased risk of developing UTIs, the common mistakes many UTI sufferers make that actually worsen their symptoms, little known preventative practices to guard you against future infections, the 5 things you should do to significantly reduce your risk, and much more. Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. Videos Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video. Upload video To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don’t use a simple average. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. It also analyzes reviews to verify trustworthiness. Please try again.Please try again.Please try again. Drawing on expert knowledge and decades of experience, we have created the My Physician Guides to bring you only the most relevant information on the conditions that affect you. Inside the My Physician Guide to Urinary Tract Infections you will learn the causes of UTI's so you can avoid future complications, the symptoms so you can recognize a UTI early and begin treatment right away, sexual health tips to follow, natural remedies, holistic alternatives and much, much more! Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. Thank you!http://abugfreemind.com/userfiles/ford-4000-owners-manual-pdf.xml
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Here's what you need to know before the visit. Knowing what to expect can prepare you to help your doctor to provide the best possible care. Questions include: Do you have foul-smelling or irregularly colored urine or vaginal discharge. Are you lightheaded or dizzy. Do you have a fever or chills. Are you hydrating? Have you had anything like this before. How many times? Have you ever been hospitalized for urinary problems? Have you ever had kidney stones. Are you sexually active. Do you use protection during sex. If so, what kind? Is there any possibility you have a sexually transmitted disease (STI). Is it possible you're pregnant. Do you have any known medication allergies. What have you been treated with in the past for a UTI? This includes checking for tenderness in your mid-back below the ribs by lightly pounding around the kidneys, as well as checking for tenderness when pressing on your lower abdomen, where your bladder is located. If you are female, use the wipe given to you to clean around the labia and where urine exits the body, then hold the labia open and urinate a small amount into the toilet. Stop the flow of urine, then resume urinating into the cup given to you. Fill the cup no more than halfway. If you need further instruction, then feel free to ask the staff. The urine may also be sent to a lab where they look for more reliable information, but this can take a few days. In most labs, a sample that shows signs of an infection will be cultured to identify a specific bacteria type and its susceptibility to various antibiotics. Learn more about becoming a patient. The goal of this seven-part series is to provide easy-to-understand, scientifically grounded information about UTIs. Patients referenced are composites, compiled from actual patient experiences.http://drddvichitra.com/userfiles/carter-rbs-carburetor-manual.xml She wrote this series with the support of Randall Stafford, MD, PhD, professor of medicine and director of the Program on Prevention Outcomes and Practices, and Kim Chiang, MD, clinical assistant professor of medicine. A urinary tract infection, or UTI, is an infection in any part of your urinary system, which includes your kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra. If you're a woman, your chance of getting a urinary tract infection is high. Some experts rank your lifetime risk of getting one as high as 1 in 2, with many women having repeat infections, sometimes for years. About 1 in 10 men will get a UTI in their lifetime. Here's how to handle UTIs and how to make it less likely you'll get one in the first place. Symptoms of UTIs The symptoms of a UTI can include: A burning feeling when you pee A frequent or intense urge to pee, even though little comes out when you do Cloudy, dark, bloody, or strange-smelling pee Feeling tired or shaky Fever or chills (a sign that the infection may have reached your kidneys) Pain or pressure in your back or lower abdomen Types of UTIs An infection can happen in different parts of your urinary tract. Each type has a different name, based on where it is. Cystitis (bladder): You might feel like you need to pee a lot, or it might hurt when you pee. You might also have lower belly pain and cloudy or bloody urine. Pyelonephritis (kidneys): This can cause fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and pain in your upper back or side. Urethritis (urethra): This can cause a discharge and burning when you pee. Causes of UTIs UTIs are a key reason why doctors tell women to wipe from front to back after using the bathroom. The urethra -- the tube that takes pee from the bladder to the outside of the body -- is close to the anus. Bacteria from the large intestine, such as E. coli, can sometimes get out of your anus and into your urethra.https://www.thebiketube.com/acros-firestorm-manual From there, they can travel up to your bladder and, if the infection isn't treated, can continue on to infect your kidneys. Women have shorter urethras than men. That makes it easier for bacteria to get to their bladders. Having sex can introduce bacteria into your urinary tract, too. Some women are more likely to get UTIs because of their genes. The shape of their urinary tracts makes others more likely to be infected. Women with diabetes may be at higher risk because their weakened immune systems make them less able to fight off infections. Other conditions that can boost your risk include hormone changes, multiple sclerosis, and anything that affects urine flow, such as kidney stones, a stroke, and a spinal cord injury. UTI Tests and Diagnosis If you suspect that you have a urinary tract infection, go to the doctor. You'll give a urine sample to test for UTI-causing bacteria. If you get frequent UTIs and your doctor suspects a problem in your urinary tract, they might take a closer look with an ultrasound, a CT scan, or an MRI scan. They might also use a long, flexible tube called a cystoscope to look inside your urethra and bladder. Treatments for UTIs If your physician thinks you need them, antibiotics are the most common treatment for urinary tract infections. As always, be sure to take all of your prescribed medicine, even after you start to feel better. Drink lots of water to help flush the bacteria from your body. Your doctor may also give you a medication to soothe pain. You might find a heating pad helpful. Cranberry juice is often promoted to prevent or treat UTIs. The red berry contains a tannin that might prevent E. coli bacteria -- the most common cause of urinary tract infections -- from sticking to the walls of your bladder, where they can cause an infection. But research hasn’t found that it does much to reduce infections. Experts are also looking at new ways to treat and prevent UTIs, including vaccines and things that boost your immune system. Chronic UTIs If a man gets a UTI, they’re likely to get another. About 1 in 5 women have a second urinary tract infection, and some have them again and again. In most cases, each infection is brought on by a different type or strain of bacteria. But some bacteria can invade your body's cells and multiply, creating a colony of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. They then travel out of the cells and re-invade your urinary tract. Chronic UTI Treatment If you have three or more UTIs a year, ask your doctor to recommend a treatment plan. Some options include taking: A low dose of an antibiotic over a longer period to help prevent repeat infections A single dose of an antibiotic after sex, which is a common infection trigger Antibiotics for 1 or 2 days every time symptoms appear A non-antibiotic prophylaxis treatment At-home urine tests, which you can get without a prescription, can help you decide whether you need to call your doctor. If you're taking antibiotics for a UTI, you can test to see whether they've cured the infection (although you still need to finish your prescription). t. How to Prevent UTI Re-Infection Following some tips can help you avoid getting another UTI: Empty your bladder often as soon as you feel the need to pee; don't rush, and be sure you've emptied your bladder completely. Wipe from front to back after you use the toilet. Drink lots of water. Choose showers over baths. Stay away from feminine hygiene sprays, scented douches, and scented bath products; they'll only increase irritation. Cleanse your genital area before sex. Pee after sex to flush out any bacteria that may have entered your urethra. If you use a diaphragm, unlubricated condoms, or spermicidal jelly for birth control, you may want to switch to another method. Diaphragms can increase bacteria growth, while unlubricated condoms and spermicides can irritate your urinary tract. All can make UTI symptoms more likely. Keep your genital area dry by wearing cotton underwear and loose-fitting clothes. Don’t wear tight jeans and nylon underwear; they can trap moisture, creating the perfect environment for bacteria growth. Your Guide to Understanding Medicare further reading What's Causing Your Pelvic Pain. A Visual Guide to Urinary Tract Infections What if I Get a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) While I’m Pregnant. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Urinary Tract Infection in Women Topics Today on WebMD Quiz: How to Prevent Yeast Infection Test your knowledge. Urinary Tract Infections What causes them. Which Birth Control Is Right for You. Learn about your options. 8 Causes of Night Sweats Is it menopause or something else. Recommended for You Slideshow 15 Ways to Indulge Yourself VIDEO Symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome Assessment Quit Smoking With This Personalized Plan Quiz Hormones: How Do They Work. Slideshow Essential Screenings for Women Quiz Painful Periods. Find Out Why Assessment Tips to Treat Yeast Infections Quiz Are My Breasts Normal. Abnormal Vaginal Discharge 12 Signs of a Hormone Imbalance Thyroid Symptoms and Solutions Essential Women's Screenings Tips for Living Better With Migraine Health Solutions Penis Curved When Erect. Relapsing MS Options Liver Transplants Save Lives Finance Plastic Surgery Bent Finger Causes Living With Psoriasis. All rights reserved. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information. A kidney infection, also called pyelonephritis, is when bacteria or viruses cause problems in one or both of your kidneys. It’s a type of urinary tract infection (UTI). Your kidneys ’ main job is to remove waste and take extra water from your blood. They’re part of your urinary tract, which makes liquid waste (urine) and removes it from your body. Like the exhaust system on your car, you want everything to work like it should so waste moves in one direction only: out. Your urinary tract is made up of your: Kidneys. These clean waste from your blood and make urine (your pee). Ureters. These thin tubes, one for each kidney, carry urine to your bladder. Bladder. This stores urine. Urethra. This tube carries urine from your bladder to outside your body. If any of these parts gets germs in it, you can get a UTI. Most often, your bladder gets infected first. This can be painful but isn’t usually serious. But if the bad bacteria or viruses travel up your ureters, you can get a kidney infection. If left untreated, a kidney infection can cause life-threatening problems. Kidney Infection Symptoms Symptoms of a kidney infection include: Blood or pus in your pee Fever and chills Loss of appetite Pain in your lower back, side, or groin Upset stomach or vomiting Weakness or fatigue You may also have some of the symptoms of a bladder infection, such as: Burning or pain when you pee A constant urge to pee, even soon after you empty your bladder Cloudy or bad-smelling urine Pain in your lower belly Peeing much more often than usual Call your doctor if you have these symptoms, especially if you have a bladder infection and you’re not getting better. Kidney Infection Causes Kidney infections usually start with a bladder infection that spreads to your kidney. Bacteria called E. coli are most often the cause. Other bacteria or viruses can also cause kidney infections. It’s rare, but an infection can also get in through your skin, make its way into your blood, and travel to your kidney. You can get an infection after kidney surgery, too, but that’s even more unlikely. Kidney Infection Risk Factors Anyone can get a kidney infection. But just as women get more bladder infections than men, they also get more kidney infections. A woman’s urethra is shorter than a man’s, and it’s closer to their vagina and anus. That means it’s easier for bacteria or viruses to get into a woman’s urethra, and once they do, it’s a shorter trip to the bladder. From there, they can spread to the kidneys. Pregnant women are even more likely to get bladder infections. This is because of hormone changes and because a baby puts pressure on the mother’s bladder and ureters and slows the flow of urine. Any problem in your urinary tract that keeps pee from flowing as it should can raise your chances of a kidney infection, such as: A blockage in your urinary tract, like a kidney stone or enlarged prostate Conditions that keep your bladder from completely emptying A problem in the structure of your urinary tract, like a pinched urethra Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which is when pee flows backward from your bladder toward your kidneys You’re also more likely to get an infection if you have: Nerve damage in your bladder A prostate infection, known as prostatitis A urinary catheter, a tube that goes unto your urethra to drain pee A weakened immune system, as with type 2 diabetes Kidney Infection Diagnosis After asking about your symptoms, your doctor will probably do tests including: Urine analysis to check for blood, pus, and bacteria in your pee Urine culture to see what kind of bacteria you have Your doctor may also use these tests: Ultrasound or CT. These look for a blockage in your urinary tract. Your doctor might do these if treatment doesn’t help within 3 days. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG). This is a type of X-ray to look for problems in your urethra and bladder. Doctors often use these in children who have VUR. Digital rectal exam (for men). Your doctor inserts a lubricated finger into your anus to check for a swollen prostate. Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy. This uses a radioactive material to show kidney infection and damage. Kidney Infection Complications If you don’t get treatment, a kidney infection can cause serious problems like: Kidney damage. Pus might collect and create an abscess inside the kidney tissue. The bacteria may spread to other parts of your body. Your kidneys can also become scarred, which can lead to high blood pressure, chronic kidney disease, and kidney failure. Blood poisoning (septicemia). When bacteria from a kidney infection get into your blood, they can spread through your body and into your organs. This is a medical emergency and needs treatment right away. Severe infection. An infection called emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) may destroy kidney tissue and make toxic gas build up there. It usually happens in people who have diabetes. Problems in pregnancy. Women who have kidney infections while pregnant are more likely to have babies born early or at a low weight. They’re also more likely to have kidney complications. Kidney Infection Treatment Your doctor will probably prescribe antibiotics, which you may need for a week or two. Your symptoms should improve within a few days, but make sure to take all of the medicine. If you have a severe infection, you’ll need to stay in the hospital and get antibiotics intravenously (IV), through a needle. If your kidney infections keep coming back, there might be a problem with the structure of your urinary tract. Your doctor may send you to a specialist, such as a urologist. These types of issues often need surgery. Kidney Infection Home Remedies You can do some things at home to feel better while you have an infection: Drink plenty of fluids to flush out germs. Get extra rest. When you go to the bathroom, sit on the toilet instead of squatting over it, which can keep your bladder from completely emptying. Take a pain reliever with acetaminophen. Don’t use aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen because these can raise your risk of kidney problems. Use a heating pad on your belly, back, or side. Kidney Infection Prevention You can’t completely prevent bladder infections. But you may be less likely to get one if you: Don’t use deodorant sprays or douches on your genitals. Don’t use condoms or diaphragms with spermicide, which can trigger bacteria growth. Use lubricated condoms. Other kinds can irritate the urethra, which makes infection more likely. Go to the bathroom as soon as you feel the urge. Pee after having sex. Wipe front to back after using the bathroom. Top Picks Manage Your Migraine What to Eat Before Your Workout Treating RA With Biologics Best Treatments for Allergies MS and Depression: How Are They Linked. Your Guide to Understanding Medicare further reading The Kidneys: Picture, Function, Conditions, Tests, Treatments Conditions That Affect Your Kidneys Kidney Disease George Lopez Gets a New Kidney Analgesic Nephropathy IgA Nephropathy Lupus Nephritis: Diagnosis, Symptoms, Treatments Kidney Disease Topics Today on WebMD Risky Mistakes Pet Owners Make Some of these might surprise you. Depressed, Guilty Feelings After Eating. Symptoms of binge eating disorder. Psoriasis Home Remedies 14 tips to ditch the itch. Quit Smoking Get your personalized plan. Recommended for You Slideshow Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms Slideshow 10 Secrets to a Sparkling Smile Slideshow 7 Ways You're Wrecking Your Liver Slideshow Symptoms of ADHD in Children Slideshow Type 2 Diabetes: Early Warning Signs Slideshow What Is Schizophrenia. Avoid These Foods Lung Cancer Risks: Myths and Facts Causes of Erectile Dysfunction Tips for Living Better With Migraine Health Solutions Penis Curved When Erect. Anyone can get one, but they're most common in women, and they can be extra concerning if you're pregnant. If you think you might have a UTI, tell your doctor. With proper care, you and your baby should be fine. Usually, these infections in the bladder and urethra. But sometimes they can lead to kidney infections. If they do, UTIs may lead to preterm labor (giving birth too early) and low birth weight. UTI Symptoms If you have a UTI, you may have: An urgent need to pee, or peeing more often Trouble with peeing A burning sensation or cramps in your lower back or lower belly A burning feeling when you pee Urine that looks cloudy or has an odor Blood in your pee, which can turn it red, bright pink, or cola-colored If you have a kidney infection, you may have: Fever Nausea Vomiting Upper back pain, often on just one side If you have symptoms of a kidney infection, see your doctor right away. Without treatment, the infection can spread into your bloodstream and cause life-threatening conditions. Why Are UTIs More Common During Pregnancy. Hormones are one reason. In pregnancy, they cause changes in the urinary tract, and that makes women more likely to get infections. Changes in hormones can also lead to vesicoureteral reflux, a condition in which your pee flows back up from your bladder to your kidneys. This can cause UTIs. When you’re pregnant, your pee has more sugar, protein, and hormones in it. These changes also put you at higher risk for a UTI. Because you’re pregnant, your growing uterus presses on your bladder. That makes it hard for you to let out all the urine in your bladder. Leftover urine can be a source of infection. Other causes of UTIs include: Escherichia coli and other bacteria from your poop. E. Coli is the most common cause of UTIs and can move from your rectum to your urethra if you don’t wipe from front to back. Sexual activity. Fingers, your partner’s penis, or devices can move bacteria near your vagina into your urethra. Group B streptococcus. Many women have this bacteria in their colon and vagina. It can cause UTIs and women can pass it to their newborns. Your doctor will test you for this bacteria around weeks 36 to 37 of pregnancy. If you’re positive for group B strep, your doctor will give you IV antibiotics during labor. UTI Diagnosis You’ll take a urine test. Your doctor will test it for bacteria and red and white blood cells. A urine culture may also be checked. It shows what kind of bacteria are in the urine. UTI Treatment During Pregnancy You’ll take antibiotics for 3 to 7 days or as your doctor recommends. If your infection makes you feel uncomfortable, your doctor will probably start your treatment before you get your urine test results. Your symptoms should go away in 3 days. Take all of your medication on schedule anyway. Don’t stop it early, even if your symptoms fade. Many common antibiotics -- amoxicillin, erythromycin, and penicillin, for example -- are considered safe for pregnant women. Your doctor wouldn’t prescribe others, such as ciprofloxacin ( Cipro ), sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, or trimethoprim ( Primsol, Proloprim, Trimpex ), that can affect your baby’s development. UTI Complications During Pregnancy Pyelonephritis is a UTI that affects the kidneys. If you’re pregnant it can cause: Preterm labor Severe infection Adult respiratory distress syndrome Anemia Long-term infection UTI Prevention To try to avoid getting a UTI: Drink at least eight glasses of water a day. Wipe yourself from front to back when you go to the bathroom. Empty your bladder shortly before and after sex. If you need a lubricant when you have sex, choose a water-based one. Don't douche. Avoid strong feminine deodorants or soaps that cause irritation. Wash your genital area with warm water before sex. Wear cotton underwear. Take showers instead of baths. Don’t wear pants that are too tight. Pee often. Avoid alcohol, citrus juices, spicy food, and caffeinated drinks, which can irritate your bladder. WebMD Medical Reference Sources SOURCES: American Association of Family Physicians. American Pregnancy Association. American Urological Association. Pain with urination is the main symptom of urethritis. Urethritis is commonly due to infection by bacteria. It can typically be cured with antibiotics. Urethritis Causes Most episodes of urethritis are caused by infection by bacteria that enter the urethra from the skin around the urethra's opening. Bacteria that commonly cause urethritis include: Gonococcus, which is sexually transmitted and causes gonorrhea. Chlamydia trachomatis, which is sexually transmitted and causes chlamydia. Bacteria in and around stool. The herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) can also cause urethritis. Trichomonas is another cause of urethritis. It is a single-celled organism that is sexually transmitted. Sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea and chlamydia are usually confined to the urethra. But they may extend into women's reproductive organs, causing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). In men, gonorrhea and chlamydia sometimes cause epididymitis, an infection of the epididymis, a tube on the outside of the testes. Both PID and epididymitis can lead to infertility. Urethritis Symptoms The main symptom of urethra inflammation from urethritis is pain with urination ( dysuria ). In addition to pain, urethritis symptoms include: Feeling the frequent or urgent need to urinate Difficulty starting urination Urethritis can also cause itching, pain, or discomfort when a person is not urinating. Other symptoms of urethritis include: Pain during sex Discharge from the urethral opening or vagina In men, blood in the semen or urine Diagnosis of Urethritis You may get a diagnosis of urethritis when your doctor takes your medical history and asks you about your symptoms. If you are having painful urination, your doctor may assume an infection is present. They may treat it with antibiotics right away while waiting for test results. Tests can help confirm the diagnosis of urethritis and its cause. Tests for urethritis can include: Physical examination, including the genitals, abdomen, and rectum Urine tests for gonorrhea, chlamydia, or other bacteria Examination of any discharge under a microscope Blood tests are often not necessary for the diagnosis of urethritis. But blood tests may be done in certain situations. Urethritis Treatment Antibiotics can successfully cure urethritis caused by bacteria. Many different antibiotics can treat urethritis. Some of the most commonly prescribed include: Adoxa, doxycycline ( Vibramycin ), Monodox, Oracea Azithromycin ( Zmax ), Zithromax Ceftriaxone ( Rocephin ) Urethritis due to trichomonas infection (called trichomoniasis ) is usually treated with an antibiotic called metronidazole (Flagyl). Tinidazole ( Tindamax ) is another antibiotic that can treat trichomoniasis. Your sexual partner should also be treated to prevent reinfection. It’s important to get retested after three months to make sure the infection is completely cleared. This includes even if your partner was treated. Urethritis due to herpes simplex virus can be treated with: Acyclovir ( Zovirax ) Famciclovir ( Famvir ) Valacyclovir (Valtrex) Often, the exact organism causing urethritis cannot be identified. In these situations, a doctor may prescribe one or more antibiotics that are likely to cure infection that may be present. Your Guide to Understanding Medicare further reading The Bladder (Human Anatomy): Function, Picture, Location, Definition Slideshow: Myths and Facts About Your Bladder Could It Be Overactive Bladder. Bladder and Urinary Tract Topics Today on WebMD Risky Mistakes Pet Owners Make Some of these might surprise you. When to Call Your Doctor Let’s face it: Most of us don't give much thought to our pee before we flush it out of sight. But the basic details of your urine -- color, smell, and how often you go -- can give you a hint about what’s going on inside your body. Pee is your body’s liquid waste, mainly made of water, salt, electrolytes such as potassium and phosphorus, and chemicals called urea and uric acid. Your kidneys make it when they filter toxins and other bad stuff from your blood. A bunch of things in your body, like medications, foods, and illnesses, can affect how yours turns out. What Color Is Your Pee. If everything is normal and healthy, the color should be a pale yellow to gold. That hue comes from a pigment your body makes called urochrome. The shade, light or dark, also changes. If it has no color at all, that may be because you’ve been drinking a lot of water or taking a drug called a diuretic, which helps your body get rid of fluid. Very dark honey- or brown-colored urine could be a sign that you’re dehydrated and need to get more fluids. It may also be a warning sign of liver problems, so see your doctor if it doesn’t get better after a day or so. Other unusual colors that may show up: Pink or red: Some foods like carrots, blackberries, beets, and rhubarb can turn your pee a pinkish-red color. This can also be a side effect of medications like the antibiotic rifampin or a drug for urinary tract infections (UTIs) called phenazopyridine. Always check with your doctor if your pee is pink or red. You might have blood in your urine. It doesn’t always mean there’s a problem, but it can be a sign of kidney disease, a UTI, prostate problems, or a tumor. Orange: When your pee is the color of a citrus-flavored soft drink, it’s probably because of meds like high-dose vitamin B2, the UTI drug phenazopyridine, or the antibiotic isoniazid. Depending on the color, it could also be a sign that you’re dehydrated or that there’s a problem with your liver or bile duct. You should ask your doctor about it. A few rare medical conditions can also turn pee green or blue, so let your doctor know if the color doesn’t go away after a short time.