ford 1500 2 cylinder compact tractor illustrated parts list manual
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ford 1500 2 cylinder compact tractor illustrated parts list manualRuska Instrument Corporation warrants products of its own factory against defects of material or workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment. Liability of Ruska Instrument Corporation under this warranty shall be limited to replacing, free of charge (FOB Houston, Texas), any such parts proving defective within the period of this warranty, but will not be responsible for transportation charges or consequential damages. This warranty is not made for products manufactured by others which are illustrated and described in Ruska catalogs or incorporated in Ruska products in essentially the same form as supplied by the original manufacturer. However, Ruska Instrument Corporation agrees to use its best efforts to have original suppliers make good their warranties. -ii- All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced in part or in whole without the express written consent of Ruska Instrument Corporation. DISCLAIMER No representations or warranties are made with respect to the contents of this user s manual. Further, Ruska Instrument Corporation reserves the right to revise this manual and to make changes from time to time in the content hereof without obligation to notify any person of such revision. TRADEMARK NOTICE is a registered trademark of Ruska Instrument Corporation. Trademarks or tradenames are subject to state and federal laws concerning their unauthorized use or other infringements. The fact that the product marks or names in this manual do not bear a trademark symbol DOES NOT mean that the product name or mark is not registered as a trademark or tradename. Any queries concerning the ownership or existence of any trademarks or tradenames mentioned in this manual should be independently confirmed with the manufacturer or distributor of the product. -iii- These are recommended precautions that personnel must understand and apply during equipment operation and maintenance to ensure safety and health and protection of property.http://www.chateaux-story.com/fckeditor/userfiles/fender-princeton-reverb-amp-manual.xml
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KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS Operating personnel must at all times observe safety regulations. Do not replace components or make adjustments inside the equipment with the voltage supply connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous potentials may exist when the power control is in the off position due to charges retained by capacitors. To avoid injuries, always remove power from, discharge, and ground a circuit before touching it. DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering aid and resuscitation is present. RESUSCITATION Personnel working with or near dangerous voltages shall be familiar with modern methods of resuscitation. Such information may be obtained from your local American Medical Association. ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE SENSITIVE PARTS CAUTION: Electrostatic discharge sensitive (ESDS) is applied to low power, solid-state parts which could be damaged or destroyed when exposed to discharges of static electricity. Maintenance personnel are often not aware that an ESDS part has been damaged or destroyed because electrostatic discharges at levels less than 4,000 volts cannot be seen, felt, or heard. When the ESDS symbol appears between a paragraph number and paragraph title, the entire paragraph and all subparagraphs shall be considered ESD sensitive. When the ESDS symbol appears between a step number and the step test, the step shall be considered ESD sensitive. COMPRESSED GAS Use of compressed gas can create an environment of propelled foreign matter. Pressure system safety precautions apply to all ranges of pressure. Care must be taken during testing to ensure that all pneumatic connections are properly and tightly made prior to applying pressure. Personnel must wear eye protection to prevent injury. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Wear eye protection approved for the materials and tools being used.https://www.dianasbridal.com/UserFiles/fender-pro-185-amp-manual.xml INERT GASES Operation of pressure equipment may be accompanied by the discharge of inert gases to the atmosphere. The result is a reduction of oxygen concentration. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that exhaust gases not be trapped in the work area. -vi- This section of the manual provides general information about the DPC and presents its features and options. 1.2 GENERAL INFORMATION The Ruska Model 7010 DPC uses force-balanced, fused-quartz Bourdon tube technology to provide the precise measurement of pressure. During normal operation, the DPC performs in either Measure mode or Control mode. In Control mode, the DPC simultaneously measures and controls pressure. Control mode is commonly used in the calibration and testing of pressure gauges, transducers, pressure switches, and production pressure instruments. In Measure mode, the DPC measures pressure. Typically, Measure mode applications are found in research laboratories, wind tunnel testing, power plant testing, and bubbler tank volume accountancy systems. It is also used to monitor barometric pressures, vacuum systems, and differential pressure devices. 1.3 FEATURES The following features are standard on all Model 7010 DPCs. Fused-Quartz Bourdon Tube Technology: Ruska s force-balanced, fused-quartz Bourdon tube sensor makes use of the stability, high elasticity, low hysteresis, and excellent fatigue strength of fused quartz. This time-proven technology eliminates the need for gear trains, bearings, shafts, and other moving parts that can wear out or introduce hysteresis or deadband into the process. Mercury-Free: All components in the DPC are mercury-free. This includes the temperature controller for the quartz Bourdon tube, which is totally electronic. Universal Power Supply: The DPC s universal power supply accepts AC voltages between 90 and 260 volts, and DC voltages between 100 and 370 volts. To reconfigure the DPC for use in another country, the user simply changes the power cord.https://directori.p2pvalue.eu/explore/cbpp-communities/community/datasheet/deleting-trojan-virus-manually DPCs with ranges from 501 to 2500 psi can be either 115 or 230 VAC. Please refer to section 3.4. EHIGHPR Measure While Control: The DPC simultaneously displays the commanded pressure, the actual pressure, and the difference between the two. A bar graph indicates how close the actual pressure is to the commanded pressure, as well as how close the commanded pressure is to the DPC s full scale pressure. 1-1 INTRODUCTION During normal operation, the measured pressure is easily visible from a distance of 10 feet (3 meters). Adjustable Pressure Display: The pressure display may be adjusted to show one decimal greater than or less than the default resolution. Ease of Operation: An intuitive, menu-driven interface makes the DPC easy to use. Frequently used selections such as the units of measure are restored to memory each time the DPC powers up. Easily Programmable: The DPC s powerful microprocessor provides the basis for smart electronics. With a few simple keystrokes, the user can set limits on the system pressure, create unique units of measure, program a test sequence, and more. Modular Design: The sensing element, pneumatics, electronics, and user interface are separated into modules, making maintenance faster and easier. Attractive Desktop Packaging: A sturdy aluminum case houses all of the DPC s pneumatics, electronics, and user controls. Power On Self Test: Upon power-up, the DPC quickly tests its hardware and software. After the DPC completes this test, the user can select more extensive self-tests for the pneumatics and electronics. Ease of Calibration: A three-point calibration may be performed either remotely or entirely from the front panel. No disassembly is required, and there are no potentiometers to tune. Automatic Zero Adjust: At the user s request, the DPC s software automatically performs the zero adjustment, with no potentiometers to tune. Automatic Head Correction: The DPC automatically corrects for head pressure between the DPC and the device under test (DUT), taking into account the density of the test gas; e.g., air or nitrogen. Choice of Medium: Although the DPC is not sensitive to the type of gas used within the system, the user can select either instrumentation air or nitrogen, allowing the DPC to automatically make pressure head corrections. Choice of Display Units: Standard units include inhg at 0 C and 60 F, kilopascals, bars, pounds per square inch, inh 2 O at 4 C, 20 C, and 25 C, kilograms per square centimeter, mmhg, cmhg at 0 C, and cmh 2 O at 4 C. Altitude and airspeed units include feet, meters, knots, and kilometers per hour. In addition to these predefined units, four user-defined units are programmable. Communications Interface: The DPC includes standard RS-232 serial and IEEE-488 interfaces. The user s computer communicates with the DPC through the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI) protocol. Although the standard DPC is fully functional with just these items and the appropriate pressure and vacuum supplies, the following options are also available.This allows the user to move test sequences from machine to machine and to easily upgrade software. Additional Power Cords: Additional power cords are available for most countries.This section of the manual describes the DPC's component modules (Figure 2-1) and provides a general discussion of each. FIGURE 2 1 DPC BLOCK DIAGRAM 2.2 POWER SUPPLY The DPC's universal power supply accepts AC voltages from 90 to 260 volts at Hz. And DC voltages from 100 to 370 volts. DPC s with ranges from 501 to 2500 psi are either 115 or 230 VAC. See Section 3.4. EHIGHPR 2-1 THEORY OF OPERATION The Microprocessor Board, the Option Board, the IEEE-488 Interface, and the optional memory cards all plug into the Control Board. The Sensor Board and Front Panel both communicate with the Control Board via ribbon cables. The resulting seven DC voltages are then used either directly or indirectly throughout the entire DPC. Data that is subject to change after the DPC leaves the factory are held in electrically erasable, programmable, read-only memory (EEPROM) on the Control Board. This includes the current units of measure, the coefficients from the zeroing process, the current pressure medium, calibration coefficients, and the conversion factors for the four user-defined units of measure. These values are used by the Microprocessor Board as described below. The Control Board also holds the OPTO 22 connector, which communicates with the user's OPTO 22 modules through a cable that connects to the back panel MICROPROCESSOR BOARD All of the DPC's software resides in nonvolatile, programmable, read-only memory (Flash EPROM) on the Microprocessor Board, which plugs directly into the Control Board. This software contains all of the instructions that operate the DPC, as well as the conversion factors that the DPC uses to translate the detected pressure into the units selected by the user. These factors are given in Table 2-1. When the DPC powers up, its software is loaded into random access memory (RAM), also on the Microprocessor Board. At the same time, the values stored in EEPROM on the Control Board are restored to memory. Another important component on the Microprocessor Board is the lithium battery. The battery continuously updates the DPC's date and time, even when the unit is powered down. The Microprocessor Board also supports the RS-232 serial interface that allows the user's computer to communicate with the DPC.This interface allows the user to automate the measurement and control processes FRONT PANEL The Microprocessor Board and Control Board work together to interpret all input from the Front Panel. The Front Panel contains the vacuum fluorescent display and rubberized keys used to operate the DPC. The DPC also accepts an optional memory card that slides through a slot in the Front Panel and plugs directly into the Control Board. 2-3 THEORY OF OPERATION Differential mode DPCs reference their measurements to pressures between vacuum and 15 psi inclusive, whereas Absolute mode DPC measurements are made with respect to vacuum. Thus, a Differential mode DPC can operate as an Absolute mode instrument if the user selects vacuum as the reference pressure. Similarly, a Differential mode DPC can operate as a gauge instrument if ambient is used as the reference pressure. For the user, the only difference between the Differential mode and Absolute mode instruments occurs on the DPC's back panel. On Differential mode instruments, there is a functioning reference port, whereas on Absolute mode DPCs, no connection is made to this port. The valves, filters, transducers, and regulators that make-up the pneumatics module of a Differential mode PC are shown in Figure 2-2A. The schematic for the Absolute mode DPC is shown in Figure 2-2B. The schematic for high pressure DPCs is shown in Figure 2-2C. In the sections that follow, components SV01 through SV06 are all 12-volt, DC solenoid valves that are either open or closed depending on the DPC's operational mode. Their behavior is summarized in Table 2-2. EHIGHPR DPCs with ranges from 501 to 2500 psi have solenoids that operate on 115 or 230 VAC. Components RG01 and RG02 are low pressure regulators. Component SRV01 is a three-port, DC servo valve, with one supply port, one exhaust port, and one output port. RV01 through RV04 are relief valves. See Figures 2-2A and 2-2C.This block, which is associated with measurement, is described in Sections through of this manual REFERENCE PORT For gauge measurements, the Reference Port is left open to atmosphere. For other differential measurements, reference pressures from 0 to 15 psia inclusive may be applied to this port. The medium from the Reference Port first passes through a particle filter before it enters the Reference Port of the transducer module. In addition, the Reference Port is isolated from the Test Port and Vent Port by a solenoid valve (SV03) that is closed during the DPC's Measure, Vent, and Control modes. When the user commands the DPC to perform the zeroing process, SV03 automatically opens, and the pressure on the Reference Port and Test Port become equal. The Reference Port is protected by a relief valve (RV01), and a pressure sensor (TRANSDUCER02), used for measurements that are not referenced to atmosphere. Additionally, a temperature sensor (TRANSDUCER05) helps keep the quartz Bourdon tube sensor at 50 o C SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR 1 PSI 7010 The psi version of the DPC requires special handling to assure the full performance of the instrument. The instrument is only available in a Gauge mode. Thus, it is sensitive to atmospheric changes. To realize how sensitive it is, consider that a change in the least significant digit at 1 psi full scale corresponds to approximately 2 microns of pressure change. The reference side must be carefully controlled or changes due to air handler operation, doors being opened and closed, etc.The DPC tracks these changes but it may not track in the same way as the tst instrument. To control these changes, it is recommended that the references of all relevant devices be tied to the reference of the DPC. This in turn should be connected to a tank with a volume of 200 in 3 or more. The tank should be vented to the atmosphere through a bleeder valve at the other end of the tank. The entire reference assembly should be shielded from rapid fluctuations in air temperature and flow. The vent valve should be set experimentally. In an environment with no THEORY OF OPERATION 2-6 22 ABSOLUTE MODEL ABSOLUTE MODEL SSURE temperature changes, the valve would be closed. In an environment with no pressure fluctuations the valve would be wide open. Thus, the appropriate setting varies, but a good compromise can be found. To observe the variations, connect the reference as discussed and open the test port to the atmosphere. In Measure mode, the DPC will indicate the variations. A good filter may be used in place of the valve if it provides approximately the correct restriction of air flow. On Absolute Models there is no reference port TEST PORT The Test Port connects the DUT to the Pneumatics Module. The Test Port includes a particle filter, and a solenoid valve (SV01) that is open during the DPC's Measure, Vent, and Control modes and closed during the zeroing process. An externally mounted valve is available as an option. EHIGHPR On Absolute Models, the Bourdon tube is permanently evacuated and sealed at the factory, and the Test Port connects to the case of the sensor. Thus, the test pressure is always relative to vacuum. The Test Port is isolated from the Vent Port by a solenoid valve (SV02) that is closed when the DPC is in Measure mode, Control mode, or performing the zeroing process. When the user commands the DPC to enter Vent mode, SV02 automatically opens, and the pressure on the Test Port is vented to ambient. The Test Port is additionally protected by a relief valve (RV02) VENT PORT The Vent Port allows the DPC to be rapidly returned to atmosphere. Referring to Figures 2-2A through 2-2C, note that low pressure Gauge and Differential mode DPCs (1-500 psi) are vented internally, and Absolute and High Pressure DPCs are vented externally via the Vent Port. A solenoid valve (SV02) is connected to the internal pressure measurement and control manifold. The other side is open to atmosphere. Vent mode opens SV02. If the autovent value set by the user is exceeded, SV-2 automatically opens. 2-7 THEORY OF OPERATION 23 SSURE CONTROL MODE PNEUMATICS PRESSURE SUPPLY PORT The Pressure Supply Port connects the user's regulated gas supply (see Section 3.5.1) to the Pneumatics Module, which is protected by a relief valve (RV03) VACUUM SUPPLY (EXHAUST) PORT For many applications, a vacuum pump is not necessary. The Vacuum Supply Port includes a solenoid valve (SV06) that is open only when the DPC is in Control mode. The port also includes a relief valve (RV04). In Gauge mode, if the DPC will not be used to control pressures at or near 0 psig, then the Vacuum Supply Port should simply be left open to atmosphere (be sure to remove any plastic shipping plugs). Likewise, in Absolute mode, if the DPC will not be used to control pressures at or below atmospheric pressure, the same rule would apply. However, if the DPC will be required to control 0 psig in Gauge mode or subatmospheric pressures in Absolute mode, then a vacuum pump must be connected to this port. Also, when the DPC is used in Absolute mode, connecting a vacuum pump to this port will allow the user to perform autozeroing. EHIGHPR On High Pressure Models ( psi) there is no Vacuum Supply Port. Exhaust is internal to the DPC. This is due to the extremely large gas flows when controlling from higher to lower pressures and the low control limit specification of high pressure DPCs. On Absolute Models, connecting a vacuum pump to the Vacuum Supply APort will allow control of subatmospheric pressures as well as autozeroing. ODEL MBSOLUTE PRESSURE CONTROL Two regulators supply a fixed differential pressure to a servo valve system. This system provides closed-loop control, based on feedback from the quartz Bourdon tube. A metering valve (MV01) located between RG01 and RG02 allows sufficient flow for the two regulators to operate efficiently. The output of SRV01 connects to a solenoid valve SV04 that is open only when the DPC is in Control mode CONTROL STRATEGY The pressure controller is a PID controller executed every 100 milliseconds (10 times per second). The pressure is controlled to an exponential decay curve. To compensate for these factors, the gain is continually updated by the control software. The gain is updated based on the comparison between the pressure and the ideal exponential decay curve. Figure 2-3 shows typical Control mode operation. Pressure in percent full scale is plotted versus time to show the smooth monotonic change in pressure as the instrument steps from one control point to the next. FIGURE 2 3 PRESSURE CONTROL (MULTIPLE STEPS) 2-9 THEORY OF OPERATION 25 Figure 2 4 shows an expanded view of a step from 10 to 20 of full scale. The sensor consists of a helical quartz tube with a mirror fixed to one end, as shown in Figure 2-5. A rigid beam is attached transverse to the axis of the helical tube. Attached to both ends of this beam are electromagnetic coils. Mounted beneath the coils are permanent magnets. A lamp assembly directs light through a sapphire window onto the mirror affixed to the helical tube, as shown in Figure 2-6. The mirror reflects the light back through the window and strikes two identical photodiodes. When there is zero pressure differential across the helical tube, the photodiode assembly is mechanically adjusted so that the light spot is centered between each photocell. As pressure is applied in the helical tube, the entire apparatus attempts to rotate. This causes the mirror to move the reflected light spot to shine more on one photodiode than the other. The Sensor Board (see Section 2.5.2) then responds by changing the current to the electromagnetic coils that, through interaction with the permanent magnets, force the helical tube to return to its zero position. The amount of current required to do this is proportional to the pressure applied across the helical tube. Thus, the pressure is determined by the amount of current required to return the helical tube to its zero position. On Absolute Models, the process is similar, except that the Bourdon tube is permanently evacuated and sealed at the factory, and the test pressure is applied to the sensor case. With this configuration, all test pressures are measured with respect to vacuum. However, due to certain mechanical characteristics of the helical tube and its supporting structure, this pressure-current relationship is slightly nonlinear. When the user performs a three-point calibration, the DPC's software creates the three coefficients based on the user's zero, mid-point, and full-scale adjustments. From then on, the nonlinear term given above is subtracted from the total pressure-current curve to achieve the desired linear pressure-current relationship. THEORY OF OPERATION 2-12 28 2.5.4 AUXILIARY SENSORS Auxiliary sensors are the case reference pressure sensor, and the oven temperature sensor. These are reference sensors aligned at the factory and are utilized by the firmware which do not require calibration CASE REFERENCE VACUUM SENSOR The case reference vacuum sensor is a user installed option. See Section The user needs this sensor to zero the DPC and to monitor the case reference in Differential instruments in Absolute mode. It is the users discretion to calibrate this sensor. 2.6 SOFTWARE The DPC is a digital, software-based instrument. Additionally, the control setpoint is set to zero upon power up or when any of the limit errors occur PNEUMATIC ERRORS The DPC continually monitors the pressure for low, high and slew (rate of change) limits. When these limits are exceeded, the DPC is returned to Measure mode, shutting off the pressure and vacuum supplies, and an error message is generated. Additionally a vent limit may be set. The DPC will go to Vent mode when the pressure exceeds this limit SHUTOFFS Measure mode can be entered from the main screen with no acknowledgement required. The DPC will turn off the control or vent operation immediately OVEN CONTROL The oven temperature is controlled via a pulse-width modulated signal running at 300 hertz. The time the heater is on can be varied from 0 to 100. The pulse-width at startup is initialized to the previous value which was stored in battery-backed CMOS RAM. The oven control is a PID controller updated approximately every 7 seconds. Oven Temperature FIGURE 2-7 AUXILIARY SENSOR DISPLAY Oven Duty Cycle PRESSURE READING AND CORRECTION The sensor s analog output is processed by an analog to digital circuit that results in an output referred to as counts. This output has to be corrected for the applied effects listed below THEORY OF OPERATION 29 The counts are linearized and the resulting pressure value is corrected for the variations in head pressure, vacuum, case effect, and oven temperature effects. The following equations are used by the control algorithm to adjust and correct the pressure signal. Case pressure effect factor K c K The setup and configuration of the DPC is stored in nonvolatile memory (EEPROM) on the system board. The data is stored in sections each with a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) checksum. If THEORY OF OPERATION 2-14 30 the CRC checksum is not correct on power-up, the system displays an error message and uses default values (100 psi Differential, Linear calibration, etc.). The following information is stored in EEPROM and is available to the processor on reboot of the controller. Modules may be controlled via the DPC front panel or remote communications. Valid Opto 22 mounting racks include the PB8, PB16A, PB16C, PB16H, PB16HC, PB16HQ, PB24, and PB24Q. If used, the Opto 22 modules should be configured according to Table 2 3. The user s Opto 22 mounting rack connects to a 50 pin connector on the DPC s back panel. The pump is turned on whenever vacuum is required at the vacuum supply port 1 (reserved) Supply pressure pump. The pump is turned on whenever pressure is required at the test port. 2 (reserved) Reference vacuum pump. When remote operation (Section 5.0 of this manual) is used to run a programmed test sequence (Section 3.0), input from this module executes the next instruction in the test sequence. 5 Pressure supply ok. When this input turns off, a pressure supply alarm sounds. 6 7 (user defined) Intended for input. Responses may be observed through the DPC front panel (user defined) Intended for output. Responses may be controlled through the DPC front panel. THEORY OF OPERATION 2-16 32 SECTION 3.0 INSTALLATION 3.1 INTRODUCTION This section of the manual discusses initial installation for the Model 7010 DPC. Installing the DPC involves connecting the supply and test pressure tubing, powering up the unit, and configuring the system through the front panel 3.2 UNPACKING THE DPC Carefully unpack all components, checking for obvious signs of damage. In addition to any optional items ordered with the DPC, the shipment contains the following items: a Model 7010 DPC, a power cord, a user's manual, a calibration report, and a small tools kit. If necessary, report any shipping damage to the freight agency. Remove all shipping and packing materials (including the shipping plugs) from all components. If possible, save the packing materials for future use. Finally, install the DPC in a location that meets the requirements listed in Table 3-1. NOTE: The DPC should not be subjected to mechanical shocks or vibration during installation or use. Although the zeroing process will compensate for a slightly unlevel mounting, the DPC should be mounted to within 5 o of level. The power supply has internal voltages near 400 volts. 2. Never apply more than 120 of the DPC's full scale as a pressure supply. Pressure supply must be regulated and meet will criteria as stated in Appendix A of this manual. 3. Never apply more than 110 of the DPC's full scale to the test port. Never try to control while a pressure source is connected to the test port. 4. Do not expose the instrument to thermal and mechanical shock, or vibration. This may affect performance and require rezeroing. 5. See the safety summary in the introduction. 3.4 POWERING UP THE DPC First, plug the power cord supplied with the DPC into the power connector on the DPC's back panel. NOTE: Grounding for the DPC is provided through the power cord. Next, plug the power cord into a receptacle rated for any AC voltage between 90 and 260 volts. If a different power cord is necessary for your receptacle, consult Table 1-1 for available power cords. EHIGHPR The High Pressure DPC ( psi) uses either 115V or 230 VAC solenoids. Therefore, there are both 115V and 230V models available for these units. Unlike other DPC models, High Pressures DPCs do not allow for a wide range of power line voltages and must be ordered for the proper use. Finally, turn on the DPC by flipping the power switch on the back panel. The following sections discuss each port. See Figure 3-1A through 3-1C PRESSURE SUPPLY PORT The pressure supply port must be connected to a regulated source of clean, dry nitrogen or air. Shop air should not be used. Refer to Appendix A for supply port gas purity and pressure regulation requirements. INSTALLATION 3-2 34 SSURE SUPPLY VACUUM The supply vacuum lines must have minimum restrictions. The DPC controller is designed to operate within its specification limits into load volumes from 5 to 60 in 3 (80 to 1000 cc). Excessive leaks in the test volume will cause measurement errors in the device under test and possible control stability. Tubing connect from the test port to the load volume should have an internal diameter greater than inches (3 mm). Tubing should be shorter than 15 feet when minimum diameter tubing is used REFERENCE PORT The reference port is open to atmosphere for gauge measurements.