energex substation manual
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energex substation manualPlease download the latest version for the best user experience: Internet Explorer (version 10 or higher), Chrome, Firefox, Safari or Opera. Study specialized technical articles, electrical guides, and papers. Some indoor substations (e.g. most industrial applications) should use oil filled transformers unless contractor or the consumer specifies otherwise. Dry type transformers for other high fire risk applications may also be specified. Special care must be taken when selecting dry type transformers to ensure they are not overloaded. The transformer should be such as to supply the whole of the load by one transformer. However where the maximum demand exceeds 1000kVA, then provision for two transformers and associated switchgear must be allowed. Oil filled transformers require an area of 2300 mm long x 1800 mm wide, and dry type transformers require an area of 2300 mm long x 1800 mm wide. Transformers must be separated from walls, ventilation equipment and other obstructions by a minimum of 900 mm. Transformers must not be directly placed under ventilation duct openings. With the exception of fire damper trip wires (if required), no item of equipment, installation or obstruction is to be placed over a designated transformer space. Natural ventilation is not adequate for indoor substations. Mechanical ventilation must be provided. Section 10 details ventilation requirements. As a guide, one general arrangement has been provided for each style 3 of indoor substation. Provided all clearance and access requirements are maintained, other arrangements may be used. An Energex Planning Officer must approve any alternate arrangement. Outdoor substations must be arranged in accordance with the standard layouts provided. It helps you to shape up your technical skills in your everyday life as an electrical engineer.http://www.resortfrati.it/userfiles/digital-vt320-manual.xml
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But, till date my full load trivector meter has hardly touched 9-10 kw Now Iam thinking to replace the 25kva trafo to a lower rating DRY TYPE transformer Can u suggest any technically viable points, about feasibility of changes Reply Machander Aug 18, 2019 Electrical Switchgear And Industrial drives basics for diploma level study Reply ROBEY AHMED Jan 16, 2019 Dear Sir, i will visit your website, i need electrical substation for our shopping mall.Reply Barrie Skinner Feb 21, 2017 The photo seems odd as there are no fire wall separators. Which country is this. Reply Leave a Comment Cancel Reply Tell us what you're thinking.Plans and Pricing Log In Facebook Linkedin Linkedin Twitter. Items 6 to 9 require low-voltage switchgear only. All items 1 to 9 require (Remote) Low-voltage Monitoring capability requirements as detailed in Technical Specification TS-479 LV Transformer Monitoring Capability Requirements for Pad Mount and Dry Type Transformers and as specified in this technical specification. The Tenderer is to prove plant performance to the Purchaser’s satisfaction. Any acceptance of plant regarding the standards to be complied with, whether AS 62271.202 solely and in entirety, or in conjunction with, or solely and in entirety by other individual and separate respective product standards, or by equivalent standards or other, will be at the Purchaser’s discretion. Note: Any standards as referenced in AS 62271.202 must be interpreted, as preferred by the Purchaser, to be the current Australian Standards equivalents or modified equivalents as primary reference, else then, in order of preference, the current IEC standard followed by a current other standard.http://euro-logist.ru/userfiles/digital-watch-repair-manual.xml If the equipment offered does not comply with Australian Standards, but complies with International Standards, eg IEC, then detailed descriptions will be given in English of the Page 2 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) differences between the apparatus offered and the Australian Standards specified requirements. The substations may be installed in effectively earthed and non-effectively earthed situations. When installed in noneffectively earthed situations, significant voltage variations (up to line to neutral voltage) may be produced at the neutral terminal during an earth fault. The substations will be suitable for outdoor use at ground level in locations accessible to the public. The ambient air is not materially polluted by dust, smoke, corrosive or flammable gases and vapours; however, some substations may be installed in locations close to ocean beaches Page 3 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) that are subject to windborne salt spray. The mean relative humidity can vary between 40 and 90. Any and all electronic equipment components shall be Fit for Purpose including in alignment with the above noted Clause 4 Service Conditions this technical specification, and required to function despite the failure of any air conditioning or forced air plant servicing the items in this technical specification. All sharp points will be removed to prevent injury. 5.2.4 All bolts nuts and washers (fasteners, studs, lifting lugs etc.) will be to Australian Metric Standards and be stainless steel Grade 316 or 304. Compatibility, with regard to corrosion prevention, between the fasteners will be observed.https://skazkina.com/ru/boss-noise-gate-manual To prevent binding, different grade stainless steel nuts and bolts3 will be used together with anti-seizing lubricant on all bolt threads. Tamper proof bolts will be used for all unenclosed components. 3 For example, 316 grade bolts and washers fitted with 304 grade nuts. Page 4 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) 5.2.5 All metal work will be electrically bonded to permit earthing by the Purchaser. If a part cannot be adequately bonded it will be constructed from a suitable insulating material instead of metal. All earth straps will have a minimum cross-sectional area of 40 mm. Finished coatings will be heat resistant and non-corrosive. Exterior coatings will be coloured storm grey, N42 to AS 2700. The transformer fins (only) of Items 3, 5, 8 and 9 are permitted to protrude 200 mm each side. Drawing 02-02-01 shows four hinged doors are required, all hinged on their left side. However, the Purchaser may consider alternatives that may exceed these dimensional limitations while maintaining a compact footprint as optimally as possible while satisfying all other requirements of this technical specification. Any alternatives that exceed dimensional limitations are to have full information and details provided by the Tenderer as to deemed affects on installation and any impacts (e.g. civil footing designs as noted in this technical specification, especially with respect to changes in the centre of gravity of plant, and related earthing grid and or step-touch potential requirements). Please note that past requirements for interchangeability were applicable to the transformer only, and are not required for this technical specification. 5.3.2 Drawing 02-02-02 details the concrete plinth base dimensions that align with the above dimensional limitations of the substations, which are standard for all transformer ratings.http://ferienwohnung-dorsten.com/images/comma-after-year-chicago-manual-of-style.pdf The position of holding down bolts for the transformers, High-voltage and Low-voltage switchgear are in accordance with the dimensions shown on the drawing. 5.3.3 Any offered substation dimensions that vary from the 5.2.1 Purchaser dimensions or other proposed changes must require the Tenderer to comment on all affects and any and all changes required to the concrete plinth base, position of holding down bolts or other. Diaphragm sealing is not acceptable. 6.2 Tanks and Lids 6.2.1 All surfaces will be designed to prevent the accumulation of water. All seams will be electrically welded and oil tight. On the external areas of the tank, welding of horizontal and vertical joints will be on both sides of the joint. Joints in gaskets will not occur at bolt holes. 6.4 Core and Windings 6.4.1 All transformers will have electrically separate high and low voltage windings connected to comply with vector group Dyn11 of AS 60076. 6.4.2 The core and winding assembly will be supported by the main tank and not by the cover. 6.4.3 Means will be provided at both the top and bottom of the core and coil assembly for locating the transformer core centrally in the tank and securing it in position to prevent movement, particularly during transport. Page 6 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) 6.4.4 The core and all metalwork will be electrically bonded to the tank. The bonding will be brought to one point only. 6.4.5 The insulation between the core and the frame will have a resistance no lower than 50 M? after assembly, and will withstand 2.5 kV for one minute. The core and frame will then be electrically connected together at one point only. 6.5 Tappings 6.5.1 Seven tappings will be provided on the high voltage winding. The tapping switch will have a permanent overload capability of 50. 6.5.3 The tapping switch will be positioned within the LV compartment at a convenient height and must be able to be operated by an operator standing outside the side door of the LV compartment. 6.5.4 The tapping switch will be capable of being locked in each position. The quality of Mineral Insulating oil at time of filling (i.e. on release from supplier) must have a moisture content of less than 20 ppm and ? 50 kV Breakdown Voltage. Page 7 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) 6.8.2 Any and each insulating oil offered will be certified as polychlorinated biphenyl-free (PCBfree) in accordance with the definition of PCB-free in the Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Regulations 2000 (Qld). Analysis shall be conducted in a laboratory certified by NATA for the appropriate analyses. The Tenderer will supply full specifications and test results for any and each oil offered. 6.9 Bushings and Terminals - Transformer 6.9.1 HV Terminals A cast epoxy pad type termination is required. The termination will be capable of accepting a Holec 502-0024 termination kit (or similar). Both surfaces will be used as contact surfaces.The taut string metal to metal clearances of the lugged bushing terminals will be not less than 100 mm, phase to phase, and 60 mm phase to earth. Note. Tenderers are encouraged to review the disposition of the LV bushings on the transformers with a view to minimising the EMF levels associated with the equipment. The neutral connection to the star point on the secondary winding will be brought out of the tank unearthed and insulated in the same manner as the phase terminals. 6.9.3 Marking of Terminals The terminals will be marked in accordance with AS 60076. The use of adhesives to attach marking plates will not be accepted. 6.10 Minimum Power Efficiency (MEPS) All transformers must meet or exceed the minimum power efficiency levels specified in Table 1 of AS 2374.1.2 - 2003 Minimum Energy Performance Standard (MEPS). Transformers with efficiencies not meeting or improving performance upon these MEPS levels are unacceptable. Capitalisation of losses will be based on the guaranteed losses at the required power rating for each item as stated in Attachment 1. Load losses will be those specified on the principal tapping. The design of the enclosure will be such that it is not possible to contact energised parts through air vents or other openings using pieces of wire or other means. A degree of protection of at least IP46 in accordance with AS 60529 is required for the HV and LV compartments. The enclosure will be manufactured from marine grade aluminium MF 5052-H32 or equivalent) or 3CR12 steel (or better). The enclosure will be bolted by its internal return edge to the base. Access to the bolts will be possible in the event of the need to change an enclosure in the field. The lower edge of the enclosure will not overhang the edge of the base. Sufficient ventilation will be provided for reliable operation of the substation. This means that the ventilation and thermal design of the entire prefabricated substation and each compartment part will be such that the ambient temperature inside the substation must not be higher than the limits fixed for the components in their respective product standards (and Page 9 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) as per the Service Conditions stated in this technical specification), when the substation is operating fully loaded including up to Emergency Cyclic Rating as per AS 2374.7. De-rating of components is not preferred. Air ducts will be provided in that part of the enclosure covering the transformer radiators. Such ducts will have a degree of protection IP1X in accordance with AS 60529. Any hinges will be manufactured from grade 316 stainless steel and will have a minimum hinge pin diameter of 10 mm. Any seams (eg. door returns, door stay location brackets, etc) will be fully seam welded. All surfaces (covers, etc.) will be sloped to prevent the accumulation of water. Condensation within the substation will be prevented from dripping on the switchgear. The prefabricated substation which complies with the maximum outer dimensions outlined in Section 5.2.1 shall preferably be designed to conform with the internal arc withstand requirements of AS 62271.202, Annex A, A.2.3 Prefabricated substations classified IAC-A, for an IAC classification test prospective arc fault current of 20 kA for 1 second for 11 kV HV Switchgear including Cable Box. The Tenderer shall outline how the design meets the IAC Classification or outline development plans including timelines to meet the IAC Classification. The Purchaser reserves the right to negotiate a transition to the IAC compliant item that meets the limiting dimensions. Submissions with marginal increases in dimensions to accommodate the IAC classification may also be considered provided such padmounted substations can be retrofitted to the existing network. Acceptance of the increase in dimensions will be at the Purchaser's discretion. 7.1.2 Doors Four hinged, lift-off doors shall be provided as shown on Drawing 02-02-01. The doors will be located a minimum of 30 mm above the surface of the base. Removable door sills and gutters will be provided on both end doors to facilitate the laying in of cables. It is preferred that side doors have the sills and gutters welded. Doors will be fully recessed into and sit flush with the enclosure panel mullions. They will have a return edge, not less than 24 mm, for adequate strength and stiffness. It will not be possible to pry open the doors by inserting a screw driver or similar object and gain unauthorised access to the switchgear compartments. The thickness of the door material will be not less than 2.0 mm. A suitable door seal material will be provided to prevent chafing and damage to painted surfaces around the door and frame. All doors will be fitted with 3-point locking to all items; the doors will be padlockable to ensure unauthorised entry is not possible and the successful Tenderer will supply and fit the locking handle to accommodate the Purchaser’s approved padlocks. Pad-lock holes will accommodate the Purchaser’s approved padlocks having a shackle diameter of 8.7mm. The locking points and pad-lock will not bear on a painted surface of the door or frame in such a way that paint will be removed thereby causing corrosion. Page 10 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) The successful Tenderer will provide a temporary means to ensure doors remain locked closed during transport and associated handling. The means adopted will be acceptable to the Purchaser. The restraint will be of a captive design so that it cannot be easily removed and will be self storing when the door is closed such that it cannot rattle. With the door in this position, operation of the HV switchgear will be possible without endangering operators' hands, etc. All doors will be fitted with a recessed door-pull.Labels identifying the operating handles will be fitted if deemed necessary by the Purchaser. 7.1.3 Lid The enclosure will be provided with an easily removable lid, secured to the enclosure by an internal fixing arrangement that allows ease of lid removal and replacement. Any holding down brackets for the lid will be welded in place or form part of the framework of the enclosure. Instructions to remove the lid will be provided with each Item by the Supplier. Interchangeability requirements with the existing transformers are no longer required. The lid will be provided with two Grade 304 stainless steel lifting lugs with 25 dia.It will be capable of supporting the total mass of the substation when supported only at its extreme ends. In addition, the base complete with HV and LV switchgear will be capable of being lifted via the transformer. A removable block similar to that detailed in Drawing 02-02-02 or similar facility to provide similar functionality will be provided for cabling purposes and must be a tight fit into the base. It will provide protection against the entry of solid foreign objects greater than 1 mm thickness. The weight of each removable block will be a maximum of 15 kg. Adequate strength will be maintained, internal cavities are permitted. That when fitted it does not extend above the top of the plinth. That access for cabling-up purposes is not impeded by narrow keyway openings. The Purchaser requires a minimum opening of 460 mm for access, however, variations in the HV end may be permissible depending upon the type of HV switchgear offered. Details of proposal should be forwarded with the tender for appraisal, and would be subject to the Purchaser's approval. Any variations in design during prototype inspection would be to the Tenderer's cost. The supplier will provide an Engineer's Certified Design Certificate for the base. The scope for switchgear applies to padmounted distribution transformers and does not include for all the optional requirements intended for stand alone HV switchgear. Suitably rated leads and terminations will be fitted between the transformer terminals and the switchgear.For items 1 to 5, the bracket may be incorporated into the switchgear or the substation base. The bracket will be located so that it does not interfere with the laying in of cables. For items 6 to 9, that is, items not having High-voltage switchgear fitted, the bracket will be fitted to the transformer tank in accordance with the requirements of Drawing 02-02-01. The switchboard design will allow for the replacement of individual switchgear units while the busbars remain energised. It will be possible to terminate all outgoing circuits from the front of the switchboard. Page 12 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) The switchboard frame will be constructed from S1000 FSS Supa Strut, or equivalent. It will include a cable support bracket. The minimum distance from the top of the cable support bracket to the hole centre of the lowest LV terminal will be 425 mm. Sufficient space will be provided on the switchboard (or switches) for the attachment of operating labels to the switches and phasing labels for the LV busbars. The operating labels will be 80 mm long x 35 mm wide and the phasing labels 20 mm long x 20 mm wide. The labels for the transformer switch-disconnector and LV busbars will be supplied fitted to the switchboard. The transformer switch-disconnector is to be labelled “Transformer Isolator”. All solid insulating materials used will be fire resistant. They will not ignite spontaneously and will cease to smoulder or melt immediately on removal of the heat source. A suitable conducting grease will be applied to all electrical connections of the LV switchboard and associated cable connections. Busbar configurations designed to minimise EMF levels are preferred. It will provide three phase switching, single pole operation is unacceptable. The switchgear will be suitable for isolation and will be padlockable to accommodate the Purchaser’s approved padlocks. It will be possible to close and lock the LV compartment door with all switches locked in their open positions. The electrical contacts of all switchgear will be silver plated copper. The silver plating will be in accordance with AS 1856 and have a thickness no less than.010 mm. All silver plated parts are to be guaranteed to be free from verdigris under the specified service conditions. 8.2.3 Busbars The busbar system of all switchboards will be rated for a minimum short circuit current of 38 kA. To allow for a range of switchgear and prevent binding between operating handles, 185 mm busbar centres will be used and a 10 mm gap will be provided between all switches. Page 13 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) 8.2.4 Transformer Switch-Disconnector A switch-disconnector4 will be used to provide isolation between the transformer and the switchboard busbars. It will be located on the extreme left hand end of the switchboard. A rear connected, fixed link type switch-disconnector is required. It will be capable of continuously carrying 150 of the transformer’s rated current at an ambient temperature of 55o C. Up to two switches may be ganged together to achieve the required rating. To limit the stresses on the transformer’s LV bushings and help prevent leaks, flexible leads will be used to connect the switch-disconnector to the transformer. The leads will have a temperature rating of 110o C (or better). 8.2.5 Circuit Fuse-Switch-Disconnectors Fuse-switch-disconnectors will be used to protect and switch outgoing cable circuits and will be mounted to the right of the transformer switch-disconnector. Two types are required, a unit capable of accepting up to 400 A DIN size 2 fuses and a unit capable of accepting up to 630 A DIN size 3 fuses. The 630 A rated unit will also be capable of accepting DIN size 2 fuses. The switches will be capable of continuously carrying 400 A and 630 A respectively at an ambient temperature of 55o C. Equally rated bases are required for both units to enable the Purchaser to uprate the 400 A units to 630 A at a later date (if required). Fuse-switch-disconnectors will be capable of being fitted or removed with the bus bars energised. Each switch will have terminals suitable for the termination of up to 2 x 240 mm.It is essential that the electrical connections be of compatible materials. Tinned aluminium terminals are not acceptable. M12 stainless steel nuts, bolts and belleville washers for cable termination will be supplied with each switch. 8.2.6 Insulation Level of Cable Terminations An insulation level of 2500 V rms will be maintained between phases of each unit and adjacent units when the switch is terminated with uncovered lugs to suit the maximum cable size. The maximum cable lug dimensions are overall length 140 mm, palm width 45 mm. Insulating barriers of fire resistant material would be acceptable for this purpose. The switches will be supplied fitted with insulating covers to fit over the cable terminations. 8.2.7 4 Type B Switchboards Type B switchboards will be used to connect up to four outgoing circuits as standard. They may also be used to connect single customers (with large consumer’s mains). To enable this, the units will come complete with right angle adaptor brackets provided for direct mounting to the busbar system of the customer's cables. A bottom connected fuse-switch-disconnector will be used on 100 kV.A units. Page 14 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) Provision will be made for accepting 6 x 300mm.The adaptors and associated bolts will be supplied with each switchboard in a plastic bag safely and securely attached to the switchboard frame, with safe access available even if the plant is energised. 8.2.8 Type C Switchboards Type C switchboards will be used to connect single customers (with large consumer’s mains) as standard, the units will come complete with right angle adaptor brackets provided for direct mounting to the busbar system of the customer's cables. Provision will be made for accepting 6 x 300 mm.Provision will be made for alternator connection (in accordance with Clause 8.2.10) on the busbars between the right angle adaptor brackets. To cater for network circuit connections, the covers need to also cater for a mixture of switch units plus cables connected to the busbar (ie.The neutral and earth bars will be supported on insulators and attached to the switchboard frame. The insulators will provide an insulation level of at least 6 kV between the bars and the frame. A short section of bar (with the same cross-section as the neutral and earth bars) will be used to bond the earth and neutral bars. This bond will be located at the far right hand end of the switchboard. The earth bar will have eight holes to allow for the connection of equipment and cable earths. It will not impede clear cable access to LV terminals and will not hinder connection of neutrals of outgoing circuits to the neutral bar. A tinned copper neutral bar will be provided with hole centres at least 450 mm above the top of the base to allow for the connection of the transformer neutral, LV surge arresters, LV feeder cables and large consumer’s mains. The neutral bar will extend around the left hand side of the switchboard to allow for the connection of large consumer’s mains. Four holes will be provided in the extension. Page 15 of 43 Ergon Energy Corporation Limited ABN 50 087 646 062 Specification JTS02-02-01 Ver 9 Technical Specification for 12kV Padmounted Distribution Substations (Rectangular Type) The neutral bar will extend around the right hand side of the switchboard to allow for the connection of LV surge arresters. Three holes will be provided in the extension. Six additional holes will be provided to allow for the connection of the transformer neutral, LV earth bar link and outgoing LV feeder cables. The additional holes provided for the outgoing feeder cables will be positioned clear of (and not behind) phase terminations. Short (black) insulated bridging cables fitted with M12 lugs may be provided between the neutral bar and the front of the switchboard for this purpose. 8.2.10 Earth Bonds The switchboard frame and earth bar will be bonded to the station earth using separate cables and connections.M12 lugs and bolts will be used for all connections. The bond between the earth bar and the station earth will be easily accessible to allow its removal (by the Purchaser if required). This bond will be used to reconfigure the substation earthing system and will be labelled “For Separate Earthing Remove This Cable”. 8.2.11 Alternator Connection Point Bare busbar Alternator connection points (no lug holes are required for the Alternator Connection points only) on each phase busbar and neutral will be provided to allow clearance connection of the cables of an alternator set in the following manner: The connection point on units rated to 500 kV.A will be suitable for use with a clamp each phase busbar and neutral busbar and earth busbar, as shown following: 750 and 1000 kV.A units will have provision to accommodate two standard clamps (as shown above) per phase each phase busbar and two each neutral busbar and provision for one off earth clamp on the earth busbar. Staggered connection points may be required. The Tenderer must allow for clearance connection regarding cable bends and clamp positions such that any and each clamp does not foul any adjacent applied clamp or other part(s) of the plant and equipment and that all statutory clearances are maintained in any possible clamp attachment configuration. The connections will be located behind a removable insulating cover.