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gnu make user manualInvariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts being “A GNU Manual,”A copy of theLicense.”Buying copies from the FSF supports it inOverview of make This manual describes GNU make, which was implemented by Richard. Stallman and Roland McGrath. Development since Version 3.76 has beenIn a program, typically, the executable file is updated from objectThe make programFor each of those files, itSee How to RunThe exception is the second chapter, An. Introduction to Makefiles, all of which is introductory.Features, which explains the few things GNU make lacks thatCarefully reread the documentation and see if it really says you can doIf it’s not clear whether you should be ablePlease don’t paraphraseWhen generating this small makefile, be sure to not use any non-freeFinally, be sure toEither send electronic mail to:You can get this. Be sure also toMost often, the makefile tells make how to compile and link aThe makefile can also tell make how toTo see a more complex exampleFinally, if any source file has been recompiled, all the object files,This is an obscurity that catchesHowever, the rule thatSee Writing Rules.Rules may look somewhat more complicatedSee Splitting Long Lines.In addition, any prerequisites that areIt is up to you to supplyConsequently, make never does anything with it unless you tellTargets that do not refer toSee Phony Targets, for information about this kind of target. See Errors in Recipes, to see how to cause make In the example, this rule is for relinkingEach of these files isThese rules say to update each. The recompilation mustIf some other rule is not depended on by theThis makefile does notThis must be done if the fileWe can eliminateC source files, because make can figure them out: it has an. For example, it willWe can therefore omitSee Phony Targets, and Errors in Recipes.)In this style of makefile,Here is what one looks like:We would do this:Recipes.)Thus, in theSee How to Run make.It lists the other files that theSee Writing Rules.http://akgikorea.com/file_upload/fck_upfile/fisher-paykel-de27cw1-manual.xml

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It describes how a target may depend on a fileSee Using Implicit Rules.Make Makefiles Simpler ).These include:If you want a literalGNU make has noSo, you can format your makefiles forOnce that is done, all whitespace around theThe variableThen you must specify a goal with a command argument, and make The directive is a line in the makefile that looks like this:Whitespace is required betweenThis practice is generally cleanerThen the following directories (if they exist)Once it has finished reading makefiles, make will try to remakeSee How Makefiles Are Remade. Only after it has tried to find a way to remake a makefile and failed,This works muchHowever, ifThis is a very bad idea, because such makefiles will fail to work if run byIf a makefile has aFor example, you canThis would cause an infinite loop:The recipe for foo will be the oneHowever, it is invalid for two makefiles to give different recipes forSee Pattern Rules, for more information on pattern rules.The rule specifies aWe give the force target anThe result is storedThis means, forIf you need to use automatic variables in aParsing proceeds usingMakefile ).This will work:Newlines still present in a line after expansion is complete areGNU make also hasIn order forIn most circumstances this secondaryIn this case theFor example,Now during theThe final result is that there are two prerequisites, onefile One difference becomesAll you have to do is defer. Also, secondary expansionKnowing this,However, there are someAs an example:It lists the other files that are the prerequisites of the target, andThe default goal is the target of the firstIf the first rule has multiple targets,There are twoSee Arguments to Specify the Goals.The recipe starts with a tab to identify it as a recipe.The recipe does not explicitly mention defs.h, but we presumeUsually there is only oneThe first recipe line may appear on the lineEither way, the effect is the same. There are other differences in the syntax of recipes.http://www.combustol.com.br/uploads/fisher-paykel-degx1-manual.xml See Writing Recipes in Rules.If you have enabled secondaryA target is out of date if it does not exist or if it is older than anyThis is one or moreGNU make: normal prerequisites such as described in theNote that if youOne way to manage this is withOn systems which don’t have a homeIn recipes, the shell is responsibleIn other contexts, wildcard expansion happensTo set objects to theSuppose you would like to say that theSee The Function wildcard.When make runs onHowever, this support does not include theBut wildcard expansionIf you want to do wildcard expansion in suchIf no existing file name matches a pattern,See Functions for String Substitution and Analysis.)See The Two Flavors of Variables, for an explanation ofThe directory search features ofWhen you redistribute the filesMost often, theIf a file is found in one ofRules may thenSee Writing Recipes with Directory Search.Redefining Pattern Rules ). For example, .h matches files thatBackslashesThus, if theIf an out-of-date targetThe target isTherefore, you must write the recipe with care so that it will look forIf such a file is lacking in theDJGPP installation tree).Each word in the value of thisWhen a prerequisite likeHere is an example:Therefore, the rm commandTo avoid this problem youIn this situation the makefile will often contain a variable whichA simplistic way toFirst, any errorThis can beSecond, and perhaps more importantly,Goals ).When one directory contains multipleThis implies that all targetsUnlike a phony target, this target file can really exist; but the file’sSee Old-Fashioned Suffix Rules.See Last Resort. If a.DEFAULT recipe is specified, everySee Implicit Rule Search Algorithm.See Interrupting or Killing make. Also, if theSee Chains of. Implicit Rules. In this latter respect it overlaps with theSee Chains of Implicit Rules.See Secondary Expansion.See Errors in Recipes.The recipe for.IGNORE (if any) is ignored.http://www.jfvtransports.com/home/content/digihome-14437-manualThis usage ofThe recipe for theIf a file is created by such a command, you should list it as aYou need not list archive members asYou may also use moreSee Recipe Echoing. If you want to silence all recipesSee Communicating Variables to a. Sub- make.Any prerequisites on this target are ignored.This does not meanGNU make features are still available. Rather, this targetIn principle, anyIn practice, suffixes normally begin with. See Old-Fashioned Suffix Rules.The manner in which they are treated is determined by the separator thatFor example:The automatic variableFor example:See Functions for String Substitution and Analysis,You cannot do this with multiple targets in an ordinary rule, but youSee Static Pattern Rules.Furthermore, if only some of theCaution must be used if relying onIf a groupedAdditionally the targetAll the prerequisitesIf more thanOccasionally it isFor example, makefiles oftenAn easy way to sayFor example,They are more general than ordinary rules with multiple targets because theTheir prerequisites mustThe targets can contain wildcard characters, just like the targets ofNames ).Each target is matched against theThe rest of theFor example, the target foo.o matches. The targetsFor example, if oneBackslashes that quoteThe final two backslashes are left aloneIf you have a list of files, only some ofBoth have a pattern for the target and patterns for constructing theThe difference is in how make decidesIf more than oneIt cannot apply to any other target and itIf two conflictingWith static pattern rules, there is no uncertainty: each rule appliesIf they are double-colon, eachEach double-colon rule’s recipeIf there are no prerequisites for that rule, its recipe is alwaysThis can result inSee Using Implicit Rules.For example, the command:The compiler will do it for you.This means that make won’t ever removeRules.For each source fileSee Include. For example:See Remaking Makefiles.See How Make Works.Typically, theMost of the makefile uses make syntaxHowever, recipes are meantWhether the shell treats it as a commentAs in normalWhitespace is never added to the recipe.This is often the case when passing scripts to languages such as Perl,One simple way of handling this is toIf we rewrite our exampleReferences ). This occurs after make has finished reading all theThey also have theFor shells like the defaultFor example:See Summary of Options. In this case even the recipe lines. This flag is useful for findingThen make willFor example:There are generally twoFor example, thisPOSIX-style shell, the special prefix characters in “internal”This feature is intended to allow existing makefiles to add theSince the special prefix characters are notFor example, this works as expected:Under.ONESHELL a failure of any but the final recipe line willYou can modify.SHELLFLAGS toUltimately youIf this variable is not set in your makefile, the program. The argument(s) passed to thePOSIX-conforming mode.See Variables from the. Environment.You can override this behavior byThe stock shell, command.com, isTherefore, on MS-DOS, make This allowsIn MS-DOS, GNU make If this is not found,For example.exe,However, if none ofNormally, make will execute only one recipe at a time, waitingThe default number of jobThis can make reading the output veryAdditionally, if there are multiple recursive make invocationsIf you prefer not to see theseIf a recipe consists of multipleThis is the default if theThe only difference is in how the output appears.For all recipesThis ensures output from all the targets built by a given recursiveHowever it also leads to long periods of timeBe aware that output fromIf another recipe attempts toFor example, you may use the mkdir command to ensure that aA rule in theThis is less flexible but sometimes useful.See Summary of Options.So generally the right thing to do is toWhy is this? Suppose you typeIf make did not do this, the nextBefore remaking a target,For example, make may be killed byOr, one of the programs make invokes may be killedMost commonly theseSome compilersFor example, suppose youThis value is neverNote that setting this variable has noIf you use a special version ofSee Instead of Executing the Recipes. This special featureIn the latter case you mustRecipe linesSub- make ), so your request to touch the files, or print theSee Variables from the Environment.Some shells cannot cope with environment variable names consisting ofInstead, the value of the SHELL variable from the invokingYou can forceSee Choosing the Shell.Implicit Rules ). The sub- make will define these forAny variable given in an unexport directive will still not If your makefiles dependThis will be ignored by old make s, while the export Since this is the defaultThis variable’s value is a stringThe value is. The incrementationThe value of MAKEFILES isThis variable, if defined inVariable MAKEFILES.This variable isSee Summary of Options.Words in the value ofSee Overriding Variables.However, some systems have a smallIf you want yourOptions ), set each time you run make. You simply put a value forYou can also set MAKEFLAGS inThen it chops the value into wordsThis variableAs a result, after parsingIf your makefilesSee Defining Multi-Line Variables,The output file from Yacc isBecause variables defined by define are recursively expandedSee Writing Recipes in Rules. For example, using this canned sequence:But it will echo the following two recipe lines.So the rule:This is doneYou could also use a lineThese values areHowever, variable namesThese are the automatic variables, andSee Automatic Variables.Thus, the ruleOne place where readability isThe two flavors areThe value you specifyWhen this happens, it isAn advantage (most would say) is that:The actual value of the simplyIt does not contain any references to other variables; it contains theirSub- make, for information about MAKELEVEL.)Since trailing space characters are not stripped from variableIf you put whitespace at the end of aConversely, if you do not This statement:It has the formIt has the same form. This case is. See Functions for String Substitution and Analysis,For most purposes you need notHowever, if you are the typeFor example:For example, using the subst functionThis is because the test for a recognized function name is done beforeFor example,This restriction could be removed in the future if that change is shownSee Overriding Variables.See Variables from the Environment.Each of these has a single conventional use. See Automatic Variables.See Variables Used by Implicit Rules.Whitespace around the variableYou can split the value of aSeveral variables have built-in initial valuesSeveral special variables are setThis operator firstThe resulting string is then placed into the namedFor example:Alternatively, you can set aSee The shell. Function. For example:Recall that when you define aInstead it stores the textThe importance of this comes when the variable’s old value containsThus, includes It only has to beIf we tried to append to theThus we preserveIf you want to setIt was invented so you can alterYou could use thisThis is done as you might expect:The variable name may contain functionFor example in order to define a variable thatHowever, if you areIn such situations you may want to use the undefine directive toFor example:See Summary of. Options. But this is not recommended practice.)This allowsBy default, only variables that cameSub- make, for full details.This is against the wholeIt would be very undesirableNote that this variable is actuallySpecifying the override directive will allow the target-specificSo, for example, aIf the same file is a prerequisite ofIn this form,As with target-specific variableThe variable-assignment canAny command line variable setting willThis results in morePattern-specific variables which resultAlthough this modifier can be used with any variable assignment, itThe name is appended justThus, if the firstOnce the current makefileThe followingIf so, it will setIf set these variables will be marked for export. These variablesExecution ) to determine whether make itself is writing to aIf the variableImplicit Rules ), but does not include any variables which are onlyNote that any value you assignSee Using make to Update Archive Files.See Summary of Options.See Syntax of Conditionals.See Parallel Execution.One Shell.Patterns Match.See Target-specific Variable Values.See Undefine Directive.See GNU Guile Integration.See Loading Dynamic Objects.These prerequisites differ from normalThis allows prerequisites toYou can add theYou’ll need something like this:Note make is smart enough not to addConditionals canConditionals control what make It works by controlling whichThe result is thatThe lines of the makefile following theIn the example above, this means that theEvery conditional mustThis is why the larger syntacticIf the condition is false, noOnce a given condition is true,However, you can use theFor example:If the value of thatFor example:The variableConsequently, tests using ifdef return true for all definitions. To test for an empty value, useThe rules for expansion and testing ofAside from this, extra spaces or tabs may be inserted with no effectIt follows that syntacticConsequently, you cannot use automatic variables in the tests ofHowever, you mayThis is useful when touch is not enough to make a file appear upYou use a function in a function call, where you give the nameIt can appearA function call looks like this:You can also essentially create your ownSuch whitespace and commas are not part of an argument’s value. TheIf the argumentsThe substitution is done in theFirst define variables comma andThe result is substituted forOnly the firstFor example, the patternReferences ) are a simpler way to get the effect of the patsubst If it occurs, theYou can use thisThus, the two examples,For example:Thus,The legitimate values ofFor example,The legitimate values of s Thus, the last word of text isThis example shows how toThe override directive isIf the file name contains no slash,If the file name contains no slash, it is left unchanged. Otherwise,If the file nameThis frequentlyPeriods in the directory part areFor example,The value ofThe value ofThe result ofSee Using Wildcard Characters in File Names.A canonical name does not contain any. or. components. In case of aConsult the realpath(3) Conditionals )).If it expands to anyIf there isThus, either can contain side-effects (such asEach argument is expanded, in order. If an argument expands to aEach argument is expanded, in order. If an argument expands to anIt resembles the for command in theThen for each word of the expandedPresumably text The multiple expansions ofThe other values which are taken fromIf var was undefinedSee The Two Flavors of Variables.For example,In both cases the file is created ifAttempting to read from a non-existent fileThe filename specifiesThere may optionally beIf the text Many commands use theThen you might write your recipe inYou can write a complex expression as theThe variable. There is no maximum number ofTherefore you would not normally useThis means that variable Each recursive invocation getsPlease note that thisTherefore you would not normallyFor example, in thisThe argument to theThe expanded results can define newAlthough it mightNow your individual makefiles areTherefore you would not normallyNote that if you have redefined a default variable, the origin For example,However, if foo definedSo, bar couldTherefore you would not normallyGenerally, they are used toInstead, text is expandedThis means that it takes as an argument a shell command and evaluatesThe only processing make does onIf there is a trailing (carriage-returnBecause this function involvesTwo Flavors of Variables ).The guile function takes one argument which is first expandedSee GNU Guile Integration for details onIt will print messages describing the particular errors.See Instead of Executing Recipes.Therefore, makefiles are usuallyIf the first rule in the makefile has severalIf you specify several goals, make processes each of them inIf no goals were givenNote that this variableFor example, consider a directory containingMany makefiles containBut updating the targets is not alwaysAlso any recipesIf the exit status isIf make encounters anOther lines in the same rule areFor example, suppose you addYou would follow this procedure:Instead, you canFollow this procedure:See Variables Used by Implicit Rules, for a complete list.But, unless you want to include aNo further recipes areThe error implies that the goal cannot beIn addition to continuingThis will always cause an error message, butThis is why Emacs’GNU make proceeds toTo avoid infinite recursion, if. Variables ) is set to a number greater than 0 this option is disabledIf multiple. This is typically used with recursive invocations of make The -d option is equivalent toWith no arguments, print thePossible arguments are below; only theThis is equivalent to usingThis optionIf additional debuggingSee Variables from the Environment.This is a command-lineSee Writing Makefiles.See Errors in Recipes.See Including Other Makefiles.See Parallel Execution, for more information on howWhile the target thatSee Testing the Compilation of a Program.With no argument, removes a previous loadWhen this option isSee Instead of Executing Recipes.Some Files.This option is only useful when using theWith the typeTo print the data base without trying. To print the data base. The data base output contains file name and line number information forRecipes.You can still define your own by writingRules ). But you can still define your own suffixes with a rule forNote that onlyYou can still defineSee Recipe Echoing.This is used to pretend that thePrints the entireThis may be useful for tracking down errorsSee Recursive Use of make. (In practice, youThis option is useful when -w is turned on automatically,See Instead of Executing Recipes.6 (600 mm) square. Outriggers can be set in 3 positions: Full ' (7.5 m) Partial ' (5.1 m) Retracted - 8.2' (2.5 m) Independent horizontal and vertical movement controlled from each side of carrier. Electronic crane level indicators. Fuel Tank Capacity 106 gallons (400 L). Inter-axle and cross axle differential locks. Suspension Exclusive MEGATRAK suspension. Independent hydropneumatic system acting on all wheels with hydraulic lockout. Suspension can be raised 6.5 (170 mm) or lowered 5 (130 mm) both longitudinally and transversely. Features an automatic leveling system for highway travel. 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