organic chemistry laboratory study guide
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organic chemistry laboratory study guideRelated documents Exam, questions Exam Review 2 February 13 2016 Exam 1 July 6, questions and answers Leymigracion MCAT 2018-2019 Chem 307 Syllabus Zhang Sec 51-56 Preview text Organic Chemistry Laboratory Final Exam Study Guide. To prepare for your final exam, it is a good idea to do the following; re-read all on-lineIn the document below is a list of topics that a well-prepared student SHOULD be able toTwo minutes before the final exam is scheduled to begin isFollowing is a partial list of topics covered over the duration of the class. It is notDisclaimer: This study guide is to aid you in your studies. If something is or is notReaction Mechanisms. Understand and be able to work through the mechanisms explained this semesterKnow the terminology stated in each reaction (ex.General. Know the names of all glassware. Know relevant safety procedures. Know how to safely dispose of chemicals and other lab waste. Know general lab techniques. Know proper notebook techniques. Know proper weighing techniques. Know what procedure should be done to accomplish specific goals such asSafety. What are some of the terms used to describe the potential dangers of a chemicalWhat is a flash point and what is it used for? What is a flammable material. Inflammable? Combustible? What is a corrosive material. Mutagen? Teratogen? Carcinogen? Lachrymator? Irritant? Toxic? Pyrophoric? Hygroscopic? Oxidizers? Reactives? ShockSensitive? Give two examples for each of the above terms. What is a MSDS and why is it important? How do you read an MSDS to know what is important about the material? What are some precautions taking when working with highly reactive chemicals? What are PPE? Give at least two examples and why they are useful. Melting Points. Thermometer safety.Is melting point a physical or chemical property and why? How does the following factors influence melting point. Molecular weight,If given a series of mixed melting points, be able to identify composition.
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If given a melting point range and the literature value, be able to assess the purityInfrared Spectroscopy. Define the main regions of interest in the IR. What are the frequency ranges andUnderstand how the identify a functional group based on the peak location, shapeExplain in simple terms how an infrared works. Explain the Electromagnetic spectrum. What is wavenumber and how is it calculated? Understand the relationship between wavenumber and energy. Is a larger wavenumber higher or lower in energy? Frequency? Be able to recognize the IR spectrum of the following functional groups: terminalBe able to select the proper IR if given a structure. (Pick at least five from theBe able to select the proper structure if given an IR spectrum. (check your organicWhat is TLC (thin-layer chromatography)? Know how to calculate Rf. How is the purity of a reaction mixture determined using TLC? How is the identity of a product in a reaction mixture determined using TLC? What type of extraction is used in the separation of an acidic substancesExplain partitioning. Explain what drives a compound to move from one phase to another. If given a series of structures, be able to predict the highest solubility in a givenLooking at pKa values, what makes a reaction proceed to the right? What is the purpose of the HCl? What product forms once NaHCO3 has been added? What product forms once NaOH has been added? Know the solubility changes from benzoic acid (BA) to sodium benzoate. WhatWhat would cause a higher recovery for 2-Naphthol? Know safety about using concentrated NaOH and HCl. If given a set of pkas, be able to predict if the reaction will proceed in the forwardGas Chromatography (GC). Explain chromatography. Explain how GC works. What properties dictate the relative retention time of a series of chemicals? Be able to predict the impact on retention time by changing column temperature,If given a GC trace, be able to calculate the retention time and percentBe able to read a GC and understand the composition of a sample. What unique safety concerns are associated with a GC? Percent Yield. Be able to calculate theoretical maximum amount of product (theoretical yield)What is meant by percent error? What is the difference between theoretical yield, percent yield, and percent error? How would you define these in a reaction? It looks like your browser needs updating. For the best experience on Quizlet, please update your browser. Learn More. Bring test tubes and beakers to that area to obtain chemicals. 5. Read the label twice before taking anything from a bottle. 6.Avoid using excessive amounts of reagent-1 to 3 mL is usually ample for test tube reactions. 7.Never return unused chemicals to the stock bottle. 8. Do not lay down the stopper of a bottle. Impurities may be picked up and contaminate the solution when the stopper is returned. 9. Do not insert your own pipets or medicine droppers into the reagent bottles. You will contaminate the stock solution. 10. Do not heat thick glassware. It breaks easily and heating can distort the glass so that calibrations are no longer accurate. 11. Always clean your work area and return all equipment and supplies to their designated places upon completion of the experiment. 12. Wash your hands before leaving the lab. Teaching Laboratory Safety Rules 1. Eating, drinking, or tasting anything in the laboratory is strictly prohibited. Please do not bring any form of food or drink (including bottled water) to the laboratory. If you bring food or drink, it must be stored at all times in your back pack. See Personal Protective Equipment section below. The wearing of contact lenses, even under safety glasses or goggles, is strongly discouraged.https://www.ziveknihy.sk/audiokniha/echo-audiofire-12-manual-download Contact lenses can increase injury from chemical splashes because the wearer or person giving first aid may not be able to remove the lenses to permit thorough irrigation. Goggles are recommended if contacts are worn. 8. Students and others working in the lab must wear gloves when required for an experiment. See Personal Protective Equipment section below. 9. Wash your hands often when performing lab work, and wash them thoroughly before leaving the lab. 10. Do not draw liquid into a pipet using mouth suction. Use a suction bulb to draw liquids into pipettes. 11. Avoid breathing fumes and exercise caution when noting the odor of a chemical or sample. 12. Use safety shields or screens whenever there is potential danger for an explosion or an implosion of apparatus. Use chemical hoods when directed to do so. 13. Carefully follow instructions when inserting glass items (i.e., thermometer) through rubber or Neoprene stoppers. Do not force glass items thorough rubber or Neoprene without first lubricating the glassware with silicone grease to minimize any resistance. Protect your hands by using heavy gloves. 14. Chemical waste must be disposed of in accordance with university waste disposal procedures. Students must adhere to the waste disposal instructions given in the laboratory. 15. Familiarize yourself with the laboratory exits and the locations of the safety shower, eye wash station, fire extinguisher(s) and the location of the nearest fire alarm during the first lab session. 16. If you get a chemical in your eye(s), flush your eye(s) with water and have someone near you immediately notify the Instructor or Teaching Assistant. 17. Immediately notify the Instructor or Teaching Assistant in the case of a chemical spill, fire, or accident in the laboratory. 18. In the case of a fire in the laboratory, notify the Instructor or Teaching Assistant and immediately leave the lab. If possible, activate the nearest fire alarm as you evacuate the building if the fire alarm is not already on. 19. In case of injury, the student is advised to seek professional medical treatment as soon as possible. Your Instructor or Teaching Assistant can help arrange for transportation if needed. Options for transport as well as treatment may be covered by your Student Health Fee (i.e. VCU infirmary) or personal medical insurance. The University is not responsible for charges related to transport or treatment. Ionic compounds are extremely polar molecules. Non Polar Compounds any of the noble gasses: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe (These are atoms, not technically molecules.) any of the homonuclear diatomic elements: H2, N2, O2, Cl2 (These are truly nonpolar molecules.) carbon dioxide - CO2 benzene - C6H6 carbon tetrachloride - CCl4 methane - CH4 ethylene - C2H4 hydrocarbon liquids, such as gasoline and toluene most organic molecules Taxol is a complex diterpenoid compound which shows great promise for the treatment of several different types of cancers.The individual components may be colorless, highly colored, or a combination of both. Usually involves adsorbing a concentrated solution of the mixture on the top of a column of a relatively inert, porous material such as silica gel or alumina contained in a glass column. The individual components are then separated, often on the basis of their different polarities, by passing a solvent or mixture of solvents slowly through the column. The individual components are collected as they leave the bottom of the column. Vincent Selhorst-Jones 89 58:54 Math Analysis Prof. Vincent Selhorst-Jones 89 58:54 AP Calculus AB Prof. Raffi Hovasapian 66 44:00 AP Calculus BC Prof. John Zhu, M.B.A. 33 8:39 AP Statistics Prof. Sandahl Nelson 18 15:04 No. Statistics Dr. Ji Son, Ph.D. 49 36:33 Gen. 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All Rights Reserved. Please sign in to participate in this lecture discussion. Sign-In Sign in with Facebook Sign in with Google OR Log In Forgot Your Password. Not a member yet? Create Account Resetting Your Password. Get Password or Log In Still having trouble. Searchable Lessons All lessons are segmented into easily searchable and digestible parts. This is to save you time. Downloadable Lecture Notes Save time by downloading readily available lectures notes. Download, print, and study with them. Study Guides, Worksheets and Extra Example Lessons Practice makes perfect. Create Account Sign up using Facebook Sign up using Google OR Create Account I agree to the Terms of Service Enter Already have an account. Get immediate access to our entire library. Practice questions with step-by-step solutions. Download lecture slides for taking notes. Track your course viewing progress. Accessible anytime, anywhere with our Android and iOS apps. Home News Study Guides Math Biology Chemistry Physics Edutainment College Reviews Charter Schools Study Abroad Technology Student Finance Home News Study Guides Edutainment College Reviews Charter Schools Study Abroad Technology Student Finance Reddit logo Reddit logo Blog Study Guide Chemistry How to Survive Organic Chemistry Lab Share this: Chemistry is both an art and science. In the classroom, you study the science part—the way that carbon atoms form bonds and react to make interesting molecules. And as most chemistry students know, there is an awful lot of science to memorize. Where Science Meets Art Ironically, the lab component is actually more like an art. It involves some knowledge, but your ability to mix, pour, and measure accurately, as well as remember instructions like how to set up an alcohol-water ice bath or prepare a Grignard reagent, become much more important than whether or not you can draw the electron flow of a reaction. Compared to all the memorization required for organic chemistry, this sounds like a piece of cake—until you step into the lab and are surrounded by unfamiliar equipment and more solvents than you’ve ever seen in your life. But don’t panic! If you approach labs the right way, they can be a huge asset to your future studies. They help reinforce the sometimes elusive concepts you’re learning in the classroom, and getting familiar with all that equipment can lay the foundation for a successful research career. Which path? If you are planning a lab-oriented career, your lab time becomes doubly important. It may sound like an exaggeration, but a large portion of being a successful chemist is having good technique, whether you’re titrating, measuring, setting up equipment, weighing out compounds, or preparing a sample for analysis. It’s crucial to develop good habits and learn the basic techniques. But even if you’re not planning to work in a lab forever, you can learn a lot from seeing what textbook chemistry looks like in the real world. Connecting the dots It can be challenging to go from theoretical models, electron counting, and line drawings to the world of powders, solvents, and fume hoods. Suddenly, all of those by-products and solvents are crucially important—and getting in the way of your pristine crystalline product. But if you can correlate the powders you’re mixing up in the lab with the diagrams in the rest of your course, it will give you illustrated knowledge that will help you remember theoretical concepts when finals roll around. Surviving the lab But in order to make it to the end of the semester, you’ll have to survive quite a few grueling hours surrounded by Formica, fluorescent lights, and the acrid smell of solvents you’ll come to know and love. Here are a few tips to help your time in the lab be a success. 1. Develop good habits If you’re a sci-fi or fantasy literature fan, it might be a good time to revisit Patrick Rothfuss’s The Name of the Wind for a primer on the rules of the lab: “Label clearly. Measure twice. Eat elsewhere.” Those three rules will get you pretty far, and your lab will probably have several more posted, like wearing closed-toe shoes, lab coat and safety goggles and keeping water away from the acid baths. When possible, develop other good habits like staying hydrated (again, outside the lab, and only after proper handwashing), keeping your materials organized, and staying focused on the goal of the experiment. It’s easy to get lost in all the instructions and forget what you’re actually trying to accomplish! 2. Stay aware Highschool and college chemistry labs are far from the most dangerous places on the planet, but when things go wrong, they can go very wrong. Stay aware of possible risks to yourself and others, and keep an eye on what’s going on in other parts of the lab. Memorize routines like adding acid to water to dilute it (not water to acid, which can cause a violent exothermic reaction!), taking latex gloves off properly (carefully grab the edge at the wrist and turn them inside out so chemicals on the surface never touch your skin), and when to use fume hoods for safety (when in doubt, ask!). 3. Prepare ahead Yes, lab assistants are (usually) helpful, but if you want to save time, it’s worth familiarizing yourself with each lab ahead of time—but don’t just read the instructions. Try these steps: Understand the concept. Try to figure out what reactions you’re doing, what they would look like on a molecular level, and how to connect them with what you’re learning in class. Know your tools. Look up any equipment you’re unfamiliar with, whether it’s glassware (Buchner flasks and Erlenmeyer flasks are very different things!), separating funnels, rotary evaporators, or vacuum filtration systems. If you at least know what they look like, it will be a lot less intimidating to set one up. Take note of the techniques —and how they help you achieve the goals of the lab. Start a running list and add techniques with every lab. Try to understand how each technique gets you one step closer to your goal so that you can use those techniques yourself when needed. Learn a little bit about how analytic techniques work. You’ll need to practice reading NMR and IR scans to prove that you actually made what you think you made. A lot of this falls more under the area of physical chemistry, but it will make your life much easier (and impress the person grading your reports) if you know different ways to verify your product. 4. Remember the big picture Everything you’re learning in the lab—even if some of it seems pointless at times—will help you become a better scientist, student, and thinker, even if you have a non-lab-oriented career in mind. Learning to pay attention to detail, make connections between theory and practice, and perform complicated tasks will serve you well in almost any field. Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion Newton’s Third Law is very popular law and you. Newton’s 2nd Law Of Motion In this article we are going to state and understand. Newton’s 1st Law of Motion Sir Isaac Newton was one of the greatest physicist and. Relative Motion In Physics, motion is always described from the point of. Vectors and Scalars In Physics we will encounter two very common types of. Get full access to Educator.com’s entire library of courses. Use 8 Discount CODE Copied SUCCESS8 Enroll Today. Tutoring Login Ace Your Next Organic Chemistry Exam. With these Downloadable PDF Study Guides Our Study Guides Resource Guide This is a far from comprehensive list. If you see something missing, email me. I don’t earn any money from recommending these sites. Online Courses Coursera has a course on Organic Chemistry 1 by Dr. Jeffrey Moore of UCIC. Chemtips is a blog that has a wealth of useful posts on practical organic chemistry technique. Updated regularly by (soon to be Dr.) Brandon Findlay. CHEM 332 at UIUC has a very thorough and comprehensive website. Lab Stuff “Not Voodoo” is an excellent site for anything to do with organic chemistry lab technique. 10 Great Lab Tricks, from Chemistry Hall. Online Textbooks Prof. William Reusch’s Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry is the best. Youtube Videos Khan Academy has a large number of lectures on organic chemistry. They are a decent overview of the course material in Org 1 and Org 2. Videos done by Khan are not the best, but the ones by “Jay” are solid. Freelance Teacher has more organic chemistry videos than you can watch in your lifetime. One suggestion might be to use Khan for the big picture and then FT for some guidance on solving specific problems. Online Quizzes Ian Gould’s Arizona sites have awesome quick quizzes. Reusch’s Virtual Textbook site is good. Here are some practice problems from UCLA This page at Towson University has good quizzes on lots of different reactions This site at FSU has lots of summaries of different reactions This page at Claremont College has quizzes on different reactions This page has practice multiple-choice concept tests These starburst problems can be good for learning reactions (depending on which one you pick) I put together some quizzes on memorize.com that I update occasionally. Good for learning functional groups and vocabulary. You can look up NMR and IR spectra for pretty much any compound you’ll ever find here. Arrow Pushing In Organic Chemistry by Daniel Levy. Organic chemistry is a constantly evolving field that has great relevance for all scientists, not just chemists. For chemical engineers, understanding the properties of organic molecules and how reactions occur is critically important to understanding the processes in an industrial plant. For biologists and health professionals, it is essential because nearly all of biochemistry springs from organic chemistry. Additionally, all scientists can benefit from improved critical thinking and problem-solving skills that are developed from the study of organic chemistry. It is difficult to learn by rote memorization, and true understanding comes only from concentrated reading, and working as many problems as possible. In fact, problem sets are the best way to ensure that concepts are not only well understood, but can also be applied to real-world problems in the work place. Show more Organic Chemistry Study Guide: Key Concepts, Problems, and Solutions features hundreds of problems from the companion book, Organic Chemistry, and includes solutions for every problem. Key concept summaries reinforce critical material from the primary book and enhance mastery of this complex subject. All rights reserved. Imprint Elsevier No.Purchase the book Authors Robert J. Ouellette J. David Rawn About ScienceDirect Remote access Shopping cart Advertise Contact and support Terms and conditions Privacy policy We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. EnglishIt is well illustrated with a lot of pictures and explanations. The directions are very easy to follow and the steps are very detailed. It is well illustrated with a lot of pictures and explanations. The directions are very easy to follow and the steps are very detailed. However, all of the techniques should be demonstrated in a hood, not a lab bench. A hood is much safer than a lab bench in the middle of the laboratory. Section 1.1D talks about greasing joints, which contaminates products. Teflon tape is better. For cleaning glassware, use a waste jar, not a waste beaker. The text tells students to leave wet glassware on paper towels. In our case, the glassware then accumulates by the sinks. It is better to tell students to put the glassware away. Distillations in Figure 1.3a, Figure 5.2, Figure 5.37, and others show a graduated cylinder as a receiver. This is not a proper receiver.These techniques have been around for a long time, and will continue to be used in organic chemistry. The drawings and explanations are excellent and are easy to follow.The drawings and pictures illustrate the text in a very informative manner. The steps are well-written and easy to follow. A professor could easily assign any chapter or any section for a student to read before the lab. I would not reorganize the text, rather just reference a section for a student to review prior to using that particular technique in lab. The simple techniques are at the beginning of the chapter, then the more complicated techniques are later. Navigation through the chapters are very easy, since it is well organized by technique. I found it easy to find any technique that I was interested in. All drawings and pictures have text accompanying them to explain the technique stepwise. Perhaps in a future edition, include a variety of races, ethnicities, and backgrounds. Frankly, I was not looking at the people in the pictures, but the drawings and steps. There are a few minor corrections that need to be done, but otherwise it is outstanding, and well-written. The “Safety note” sections should be boxed and emphasized. The theory sections are comprehensive,. The “Safety note” sections should be boxed and emphasized. The theory sections are comprehensive, especially the section on fractional distillation. This organic chemistry laboratory techniques manual is a beneficial resource for experimental work and the reinforcement of good practices. Techniques may vary at different institutions, and it may be possible to highlight variations and evaluate these methods. The content is appropriate and addresses the current techniques with the potential for additional supporting activities.To further enhance the modular structure, there could be more infographics and highlighted sections. Using infographics and color-coded boxed articles across the entire manual would help to identify similar themes such as safety and methods quickly. It would make these sections faster to identify and refer to during an experimental procedure. Cultural differences in techniques could be a useful future expansion to the text. Virtually all organic chemistry wet-lab methods undergraduate students will encounter are presented. The extensive use of photos of actual glassware and techniques. Virtually all organic chemistry wet-lab methods undergraduate students will encounter are presented. The extensive use of photos of actual glassware and techniques demonstrated are very helpful and clear. For example, the inert atmosphere handling of reagents and reaction set-ups would find excellent use in inorganic lab courses. The frequent examples of “correct” vs.