amaco select fire kiln manual
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amaco select fire kiln manualHow to unbox, how to read cones, and the features and functions of a Select Fire Digital Kiln Controller. Our first lesson plan was in 1923 and we are still producing education resources. All electric kilns sold by AMACO are safe and well built. All AMACO EXCEL kilns are listed with Un der writers Lab o ra to ries, Inc. You can be assured that the com plete unit has met their rigid stan dards for safety in regard to ca su al ty and fire haz ards. Most schools and in sti tu tions re quire the UL seal on all elec tri cal equip ment. AMACO EXCEL kilns are also list ed with Ca na di an Stan dards As so ci a tion. Important: Read this entire manual before operating your kiln. Whether you have owned an elec tric kiln before or not, please take the time to read this manual from cover to cover. We think even the most ex pe ri enced veteran will learn a few new tips. This warranty does not cover damage caused by failure of these in stru ments. The buyer agrees that no other remedy (including, but not limited to, lost profits, lost sales, damage to property, or any other in ci den tal or consequential loss) shall be available to the buyer. Thank You! Congratulations! You ve made a great choice from the proven EXCEL kiln line. Warranty Repair Instructions All warranty claims must be approved and serviced by an authorized EXCEL dealer. If there is not an authorized EXCEL dealer in your area, contact AMACO directly for authorization, however labor costs will not be covered. Normally, simple repairs can be made over the phone with our trained Technical Service Staff Monday Friday 7:00 am 5:30 pm EST. If it is necessary to mail or ship parts to AMACO for further inspection, parts must be sent prepaid. For your protection, insure all parts. The equipment and part serial number must accompany the defective item. Repair parts will be sent with a full refund on the invoice if examination confirms a de fect in materials or workmanship.http://www.gramscicafe.com/public/indesit-manuals-fridge-freezer.xml
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If repairs must be made at the factory, it will be done at no charge for parts and labor provided all ship ping costs are supplied by the purchaser. Do not return any merchan dise without authorization. This warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may have other rights which vary from state to state. Your kiln is registered. We keep a per ma nent record of the serial number, model number and purchaser of every kiln sold. With this information, we can supply the necessary replacement parts for your par tic u lar kiln. Keep your papers in a safe place. You will want to refer to this instruction booklet, special kiln instructions, wiring di a gram and catalog. This unit allows you much greater con trol over your kiln than ever before. It is es sen tial ly two con trol lers in one. You can fire by cone num bers or spec i fy your own firing profile with multiple ramps and holds. The wall mounted Select Fire is an option that functions in the same manner as the built-in version with the ex cep tion that it can be moved from one kiln to another. While the wall mounted version can not fire more than one kiln at a time, it can control any number of kilns a studio op er ates provided they have the same cord plug and re cep ta cle configuration. Brick EXCEL kilns are constructed of the fin est in su lat ing firebrick available today, offering strength, clean li ness and long life. All bricks are precision cut and grooved to assure tight fit, per fect element support and ease of re place ment. Because of their porous com po si tion, in su lat ing firebrick are fragile. Always handle your kiln and its brick with care. The brick in your kiln may begin to show some fine cracks after the first few firings, es pe cial ly after Cone 10 high firings. This is normal and does not harm the structural integrity of the kiln or im pair its func tion ing. Elements The highest quality iron-alu mi num-chro mi um (Kanthaltype A-1) element wire is used in all EXCEL kilns.http://www.comunidad-e3d.com/fckeditor/indesit-moon-1400-washing-machine-manual.xml All multisided EXCEL kilns are high fire type and are de signed to reach Cone 8 or 10 except EXCEL 399, 208V single phase (Cone 5) and EXCEL 270, 208V single phase (Cone 6). El e ments are thoroughly test ed both before and af ter in stal la tion for assured per for mance and even fir ing. Element life will vary depending on wheth er the kiln is used primarily for low firing of bisque or greenware or high firing of stoneware and por ce lain. Elements will last for many firings if treated care ful ly. Remember these points. 1. Keep the el e ment grooves free of debris: bits of bisque, glaze, cones, metal, or high fire kiln wash will im me di ate ly fuse to an element and pro ceed to eat through it. El e ments be come brittle after repeated fir ings, so be ex treme ly careful not to break them by scrap ing. 2. Do not attempt to fire beyond the rating on your kiln. Stainless Steel Jackets Only the finest grade stain less steel is used in EXCEL kiln jackets, se lect ed for its ex pan sion qualities so that the bricks are nev er unduly stressed, yet are fully support ed dur ing all stages of heat ing and cooling. Stainless steel may discolor with re peat ed heating. Stain less steel clean er is avail able. In addition to making the lid lighter, it makes your kiln safer by reducing the risk of sudden lid drops that can cause injury. Lid Brace The lid brace holds the lid se cure ly open for loading and unloading the kiln. As you open the lid, allow the lid brace to follow over the anchor pad and screw that is attached to the side of the kiln. Simply allow the notched end of the brace to engage the anchor pad and screw, al low ing the lid to rest in a full upright position. Pe ri od i cal ly test the thumb screw for tightness. If loose, tighten. Easy-to-Change Element Connectors EXCEL kilns use corrosion resistant element lug connectors which allow for easy replacement of elements without having to cut wires and solder back together.http://schlammatlas.de/en/node/20970 All you need is a screwdriver to remove the element and re-connect the new one. Quality 3 6 Safety Information Tens of thousands of kilns are used safely in homes, schools, and professional studios throughout the world. With a good understanding of your kiln and a little common sense you can avoid any accidents. Please observe the following safety recommendations: Operation The stainless steel jacket and some of the other fixtures surrounding the kiln will get hot enough to burn your skin when the kiln is heated. Therefore, it is important to be extremely careful when working close to the kiln. We recommends posting warning signs of this potential hazard in the kiln room. Keep anyone who cannot understand warning signs such as small children and pets away from the kiln when it is firing. Be careful when opening the kiln door while the kiln is heated. We recommend you use fire rated gloves to protect your skin and make sure clothing is kept well away from any kiln opening or hot kiln surface. The elements inside the kiln chamber will cause an electrical shock if touched. Never insert metal instruments or place any part of your body into the kiln while it is firing. Always be sure to unplug the kiln before working on the electrical components. If the kiln is hard wired, turn off the circuit breaker. Plan on being with the kiln when it is scheduled to turn off. Long term viewing inside the kiln chamber can cause damage to your eyes, therefore it is recommended that you use IR and UV protective glasses when looking into the kiln for extended periods of time. No. 3 welders green or gray glasses will protect your eyes. Be cautious of intense heat around the peepholes when peephole plugs are removed. In the event of a severe storm, unplug your kiln. Exposure to static shock or electrical surges can damage the circuit board in the controller. The kiln lids on many models are heavy. Make sure the lid brace is secure before releasing the lid.http://familymn.com/images/canon-ntsc-dc20-manual.pdf Make sure the hardware that secures the lid brace is secure and not corroded. Do not place anything in the kiln you are unsure of. Certain items may potentially melt, explode, or release toxic fumes. Items that may be damp (i.e. greenware, kiln shelves) have the potential to crack or explode inside the kiln when the moisture trapped inside them turns to vapor when heated. Never allow your kiln to exceed the temperature rating listed on the serial plate. Installation As with all electrical products there is danger of electrical shock. Use only properly sized and rated copper wire when installing the power supply for your kiln. We recommend this work is done by a licensed electrician. Kilns should always be located in a dry place to prevent electrical shock and corrosion. Follow all instructions for installation in this manual. Always observe fire, building and safety codes when installing any AMACO product. If there are fire sprinklers located in the kiln room make sure they are rated high enough so they will not be set off when the kiln is at peak temperature. This should be tested with the kiln at peak temperature, the ventilation system turned off, and all doors and windows closed for maximum insurance. We recommend having a fire extinguisher rated for electrical fires easily accessible near the kiln. AMACO will not assume liability for injury or damages caused by variations from the instructions put forth in this manual. Kilns get hot. Observe all instructions to ensure proper clearances from flammable, combustable, or temperature sensitive objects, and living things. Ventilation is key to maintaining a healthy work environment and proper room temperature. Proper installation of the Master KilnVent or KilnVent Stand Version will clear potentially harmful fumes from the room. To ensure proper room temperature is maintained consult a qualified HVAC professional. The proper placement of thermocouples is crucial to the proper operation of all automatically controlled kilns. Check all thermocouples for damage and correct placement. Only use the stand that is provided with your particular kiln model. Other stands may not properly support the weight of your kiln, provide adequate clearance, and could pose a fire hazard. The power cord is sized correctly to handle the power for your particular kiln. Never use an extension cord. Make sure the power cord is routed in such a way as to not touch any portion of the kiln that gets hot. 4 7 Be careful of pinch hazards when working on or assembling the kiln. Be sure to properly tension the springs on kilns equipped with EZ-Lift. Maintenance Always unplug the kiln before performing any repairs or general maintenance. If your kiln is wired direct, turn off the breaker. Use only EXCEL replacement parts. Improperly sourced parts pose a hazard to you and your kiln and void your warranty. Never modify your kiln without first consulting AMACO. Improper modifications may pose a hazard to you and your kiln and void your warranty. Items such as alternative thermocouples, controllers, kiln coatings may ruin your kiln if improperly installed or applied. Replace any electrical components that are discolored, brittle, or corroded. Inspect all stainless steel bands to ensure they are tight. If they are loose, tighten them as much as possible to prevent the band from slipping or flexing. Precautions for the Select Fire Controller The controller is a temperature control device.The controller contains static-sensitive parts that may be damaged by static electricity. Use caution to avoid creating static that may damage the equipment. In areas where static electricity is common, or during dry times of the year throughout the country, touch the kiln lid handle before touching the controller to discharge the static. Safety Information 5 8 Electrical Requirements Make sure the electrical information on the serial number plate matches the electrical supply. If not, consult an electrician. Most important to the proper operation of your new kiln is to make sure it has the correct power to operate. If this is done, your kiln will provide many years of excellent service. If the correct power requirements are not met, the Electrical Requirements first firing could be disappointing or even disastrous for your kiln. The chart below lists the recommended electrical specifications for each kiln model. If there is uncertainty about the existing outlets, have them certified by a licensed electrician. This affects all EXCEL models because their elements receive the full 208 (or 240) applied volts. The 240V versions of these kilns will usually low fire sat is fac to ri ly when moved to a 208V area. But the 208V ver sions should never be fired on a 240V supply with out first installing a full set of 240V elements. Oth er wise, all com po nents will be se ri ous ly overtaxed. These seals are your assurance that the complete unit (not just the switches and certain parts) has met their rigid standards of safety with regard to casualty and fire hazards. The cul is given to products listed with UL that meet the safety requirements of both Underwriters Laboratories and the Canadian Standards Association. All EXCEL kilns are re-examined regularly, part by part, by both of these well-known testing laboratories. Testing has shown that gasses generated by the use of unvented kilns exceed OSHA levels for carbon monoxide and should be removed from the kiln room. It is recommended that all EXCEL kilns use a direct, down draft venting system like the Master KilnVent or the KilnVent Stand Version. These systems take the hot gasses from the kiln chamber, mix them with room air and vent them outside, insuring that the gasses do not reach the work area. Cool-down time is also reduced by 2-4 hours, often allowing firing the very next day. In addition to making the kiln room more comfortable, accidental burns and jarring of the ware are reduced because the lid stays closed throughout the firing. Better Finished Results Down draft, direct venting systems produce truer colors, more uniform firings, and fewer glaze flaws by: 1. Reducing carbon monoxide and increasing oxygen levels, which increases the brightness and intensity of reds, greens, golds and yellows, and allows different colors to be fired at the same time. 2. Circulating the hot gasses inside the firing chamber the items on the bottom of the kiln receive the same heat as items on the top. 3. Increasing oxygen levels in the kiln, which helps burn out carbon and organic compounds in the clay body, thereby reducing pinholes, craters, and bubbles in the glaze. Installation Note: While the AMACO vents are key to creating safe work environments and better work, these systems will not reduce the kiln temperature or the ambient heat the kiln inputs into the room. Sprinkler systems in kiln area should be rated so that they will not trigger when the kiln is at peak temperature. Located on the bottom corner of the box is the SHOCK WATCH sticker and directions are provided on the outside of the box for using this program. The freight company is required to provide you with complete instructions to report any damage that occurred during shipping. It is important to note all damages to the kiln on arrival as the warranty will not cover damage due to shipping. The bill-of-lading covering this shipment is our receipt from the transportation company that the shipment was complete and in good condition when it left the factory. You should thoroughly inspect this shipment as soon as you receive it. If driver will not allow notations to be made to both copies, notify AMACO directly. Concealed Damage or Shortage When your shipment is unpacked, if any item from the order was omitted you are to contact AMACO at once. When Your Kiln Arrives If the merchandise was damaged in transit, report this to the delivering carrier and request an inspection of the shipment. Unless you take this action, the transportation company will dispute their liability to any claim of lost or damaged merchandise. If the inspection request is denied, make an affidavit stating that you requested an inspection on a certain date and were denied an inspection. This, with other papers, will help support the claim and should be filed immediately. The responsibility for filing claims is with the person, school or company paying the freight bill. Save all packing materials. Don t assemble or fire your kiln until your damage claim has been resolved. Fax or a copy of the signed inspection report to AMACO. Inspection reports MUST BE DATED NO LATER THAN 15 DAYS AF- TER DELIVERY OF SHIPPMENT IN ORDER FOR CLAIM TO BE VALID. When this procedure is followed AMACO makes every effort to assist in obtaining reparation. When your kiln is unpacked, check the metal nameplate to see that the voltage shown is the same as you ordered. If your electrician has not tested the power outlet to see that the specified current is available, he should do so before the kiln is installed. For example, too many appliances on a circuit will lower the input and cause slow heating.Position the kiln to the left of your electrical outlet so the cord will have an easy run and will not place a strain on the plug or outlet. Install it in a well ventilated, sheltered area such as a garage, utility, or hobby room. Allow a minimum 18 inches (46 cm) of space between your kiln and adjacent walls, other kilns, shelving, etc. When multiple kilns will be installed in the same room, make sure the control boxes on the kilns are not facing adjacent kilns. Radiant heat from nearby kilns can damage the controller. For small rooms, monitor the firing so room temperature does not exceed 105 F (41 C). Do not fire if room temperatures are 32 F (0 C) or less as damage to the electronic components may result. At right is an example of a typical room layout. Locate the kiln in a room with a bare cement floor. When installing a kiln in a room with a fire control sprinkler system, do not place kilns within a 10 ft. (3m) radius below sprinkler heads. If this is not possible, contact AMACO for alternative solutions before installing. All kilns are vulnerable to the highly corrosive effects of marine air. If you live near salt water, locate the kiln indoors and protect it from the damp air. 8 11 Certain kiln models may have slightly different set-up instructions. See page 31 for special set-up instructions for kilns with manual controls and page 25 for setting up the Select Fire wall mount. Save packing material until test fire is complete. The kiln comes almost completely assembled. If you need to disassemble the kiln to make it lighter or smaller to move through doorways, see page 40. Load the EZ-Lift Springs (if equipped) If your kiln is equipped with a spring assisted EZ-Lift, you will need to load the springs. They have been detensioned to avoid damage to the kiln during shipping. See page 11 for instructions on tensioning the springs. Remove and Set Up Stand 1) Open the lid and secure the lid brace in place. 2) Slightly bend the stand packing cardboard to relieve the tension against the brick wall and carefully lift the stand out of the kiln, being careful not to damage the brick or the thermocouple. 3) Remove the cardboard and peephole plugs attached to the stand. 4) Install the black plastic stand feet which are located in the plastic bag with the manual. 5) Place the stand where the kiln will be located. Place Slab (Kiln Bottom) 1) Undo the buckles that hold the kiln slab to the kiln. Lift the kiln off the slab and place on a clean flat surface. Be careful not to set the kiln on anything (watch the power cord), that will damage the bottom row of bricks. 2) Center the slab on the stand. Preparation Do not place shims between the stand and the slab. Placing the Kiln 1) With a partner, pick the kiln up by the handles and rest it on top of the kiln slab (floor). 2) On models with slabs that buckle to the kiln, reattach the buckles. Place Peephole Plugs Place the white porcelain peephole plugs into the peepholes of the kiln. If you are not using the Master KilnVent or KilnVent Stand Version or any other downdraft vent, be sure to leave the top peephole plug out when firing. Clean Vacuum the inside of the kiln to remove dust, brick chips, and other foreign matter from around the elements. Be sure not to get the hose too close to the touch pad. Static electricity built up in the hose can damage the electronics. Kiln Wash the Shelves Brush coat one side of each shelf with AMACO Kiln Shelf Wash. Apply a thin coat of kiln wash in one direction, allow to dry, and apply another thin coating in the opposite direction leaving a half inch (1.3 cm) margin from the outside edge of the shelf. Allow to dry overnight. Never kiln wash the walls or lid of your kiln. It ensures the kiln is operating correctly and nothing was damaged in shipping. It burns off element oils and develops an oxide coating which will help prolong the life of the elements. Loading This first firing should be done with only kiln shelves. Place the first shelf layer on one-inch (2.5 cm) posts above the slab. When loading ware in the kiln, it is important to load it evenly to ensure proper ventilation. For a full description on loading, see page 12. For more about cones, see Heat Work (Cones) on page 43. If your kiln is equipped with a lid lifter, be sure to latch the lid shut. Test Fire The Kiln Follow the Cone Fire Mode programming instructions found in the Programming section of this manual to run a Cone 04, Medium Speed program with No Hold time and No Preheat. After the kiln has cooled to room temperature, unload the kiln and inspect the cones. If the cones are satisfactory you are ready to begin using the kiln. If there is a problem with the cones see the section on fine tuning your kiln on page 15. 9 12 Getting Started Getting Started This page is a memory aid, not a substitute to reading and understanding the manual. Activate the power source by plugging in the kiln or controller. After plugging in the kiln, the display will read WAIT for approximately 10 seconds while power is restored to the kiln. It will then switch to Idle Mode. In Idle Mode the display will flash the kiln temperature alternating with IdLE. Begin all programming in Idle Mode. Be sure the programmer is set to the right temperature scale before proceeding (Fahrenheit or Celsius). Cone Fire Mode Step 1 Press CONE FIRE. Step 2 Input PREHEAT time. Press ENTER. Step 3 Input Cone number. Press ENTER. Step 4 Input a SPEED. Press ENTER. Step 5 Input HOLD time. Step 2 Input the PROG number. Press ENTER. Step 3 Input the number of segments. Press ENTER. Step 4 Input the first heatng rate. Press ENTER. Step 5 Input the first temperature to reach. Press ENTER. Step 6 Input HOLD time. Press ENTER. Step 7 Repeat steps 4 through 6 until alarm flashes. If you know the theory well, and if you have had experience with other programmable kilns or controllers, then the Getting Started instructions will be use ful. This op tion al lows you to cre ate your own pro files with up to six ramp and hold seg ments. A seg ment has three com po nents: heat ing rate, tem per a ture and hold. It is easy to pro gram. Be sure to see page 41 for in for ma tion on heat work. 10 13 EZ-Lift Tensioning the EZ-Lift The EZ-Lift (if equipped) is shipped with the hinge springs de-tensioned in order to protect the lid during shipping. Please follow the instructions for tensioning the lid carefully to ensure success and avoid injury. Step 1- Remove the cotter pin and washer from the lid brace pad and remove the lid brace. Step 2 - Remove the cotter pins on one side of Rod A and Rod C and with the lid closed slide out the rods. Step 3 - With lid closed, insert rod A with the springs in the position pictured below. Replace cotter pin. Rod A Rod B Rod C De-tensioning and Removing The Lid To remove the lid it will be neccesary to detension it first. Start by removing the lid brace and raising the lid as far as it will open. Next remove Rod C and close the lid. Be careful when lowering the lid since it is now detensioned. To remove the lid, remove Rod B and lift the lid straight up off the kiln. Using the EZ-Lift The lid brace has been designed with a two position setting and a stop post. The stop post is a safety feature which prevents the lid from opening too far and damaging the kiln. The lid brace provides additional safety and allows you to open the lid wider if needed for larger pieces. The lid latch serves two purposes. The first is to make sure the lid stays in the closed position while firing. To latch the lid shut, simply close the lid and swing the latch arm over until it pops into place. Be sure to latch the lid shut prior to every firing. There are two additional venting positions that the lid can be placed in if the kiln is not equipped with a downdraft vent. Lift the lid up and swing the Lid Latch into the desired venting slot. When the kiln reaches 1000 F (537 C), close the lid and latch it shut. Always wear fireproof protective gloves when working with any hot kiln. EZ-Lift Step 4 - Open lid all the way. (Lid will be heavy since it is not tensioned yet). Insert rod C as pictured below. Replace cotter pin. Lid is now tensioned. Close lid and replace lid brace. 11 14 Loading Tips Loading Balance the Load When planning how to load your kiln, keep in mind that the center of the kiln is generally the hottest. Therefore, you will want to distribute the load with the larger, thicker pieces towards the middle and the smaller, thinner pieces towards the top and bottom. In addition, if half your load consists of small, heavy pieces and the other half is large, thin-walled pieces, don t group them all in one section. Mix them so there is a balance of each type throughout the kiln. Allow the Kiln to Breathe Many studios work with glazes that require oxygen to develop properly. Provide enough space between items to allow them to breathe. Allow for Proper Clearances Kilns lose most of their heat from the lid and the slab. Ideally, there should be at least two inches of space between the lid and the closest piece. The first shelf should be posted up one inch from the bottom slab. Nothing Directly Under the Kiln Vent Holes Holes drilled in the lids of the kiln that have AMACO kiln vents allow air to be drawn into the kiln chamber. If a piece of ware is sitting directly under one of these holes, it could leave a spot in the glaze. If it is not possible to cap the load with a shelf, leave a five inch radius on the shelf directly below each hole. DO NOT Rush Take the time to properly load and fire the kiln. Check each piece to insure that too much glaze or unsteady placement will not cause disaster during the firing. A few extra minutes can save you a lot of frustration. DO NOT Load Damp Ware into Your Kiln Make sure all ware is bone dry before loading into the kiln. It should feel like room temperature. If it doesn t, water is still evaporating from it. Load Slowly Dropped ware on shelves may damage the inside of your kiln. Large flat pieces like plates that demand the full width of the kiln should have their rims positioned between two elements. If your load should shift during firing there will be less danger of jamming the Kiln-Sitter or having ware resting against the thermocouple causing inaccurate temperature readings or damage to the ware. 12 15 Select Fire Control Features (if equipped) Digital Readout Shows prompts, messages, and tem per a ture throughout firing and cool down. Select Fire Control Features Touchpad Smooth surface pads are easy to clean and have no moving parts. Menu Lets you access menu diagnostics feature. Delay Option Lets you delay start of firing. Action Controls Lets you start or stop kiln operation. Alarm You can set alarm to sound at any tem per a ture. Cone Fire Mode Lets you fire by simply en ter ing the desired Cone number. Firing Speeds Choose from Slow, Medium, or Fast heat ing. Cone Table Converts Cone numbers to temperature. Review Reviews your current firing program. 13 16 General Select Fire Programming Information Programming If your kiln has manual controls and Dawson Kiln-Sitter with Limit Timer, see page 31. The LED Display The display shows 4 characters and 14 segments per character. This is not always enough to exactly represent the message presented. If you find you do not understand a message, consult the Display Messages section of this manual. The controller may be programmed in either Celsius or Fahrenheit. It is very important to know which temperature scale it is using. If there is a LED illuminated in the lower right hand corner of the display, the temperature scale is set to Celsius. Refer to the MENU section of this manual to change scales if necessary. When prompted to enter time values, there will be an LED illuminated in the lower center portion of the display. We refer to this as a decimal point. Everything to the left of the decimal will be hours and everything to the right will be minutes. Idle Mode When the kiln is flashing IdLE alternately with the current temperature of the kiln chamber we refer to the controller as being in Idle Mode.