instruction manual for braille transcribing
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instruction manual for braille transcribingIt is not appropriate for learning braille as a personal reading and writing skill. This certificate qualifies the recipient to transcribe general literary materials and is a prerequisite for other transcribing and proofreading courses. New transcribers are encouraged to gain experience with braille formats for textbooks and technical materials by working with local transcribing groups. After six months' experience, a literary braille transcriber may enroll in a course in mathematics braille transcribing, music braille transcribing, or proofreading. A background in math is helpful in transcribing mathematics. In-depth knowledge of print music is a prerequisite for the course in music braille transcribing. Necessary instructional materials may be downloaded for free from the NFB. Materials include the course instruction manual, a copy of The Rules of Unified English Braille Second Edition 2013, and Drills Reproduced in Braille. These materials can also be provided in hard copy upon request. Students who withdraw from the course are required to return any hard copy materials. Some sources of braille paper (11 by 11.Students can take the course through a locally sponsored braille class or through correspondence from the NFB. Local classes are conducted by experienced transcribers who hold Library of Congress certification in literary braille. Often local sponsors of braille classes provide writing equipment and paper. For information about local groups that sponsor braille classes, consult the Library of Congress directory Directory of Producers of Accessible Reading Materials or call NLS at 800-424-8567. Lessons describe the elements of the braille system, give examples, and provide practice drills. At the end of each lesson is an exercise with sentences or short passages testing comprehension and reviewing concepts and rules from earlier lessons.http://jackworld.co.kr/userData/board/iaff-manual-common-procedure.xml
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These exercises will be evaluated by local class instructors, or, if studying by correspondence, by the National Federation of the Blind. The trial manuscript must be submitted in hard-copy braille. Thermoform copies are not acceptable. Computer programs using six-key direct entry may be used in preparing the manuscript. If, in the judgment of the instructor, there are too many errors, students will be asked to resubmit the exercise. Students are given three chances to submit an acceptable exercise. Students who prepare manuscripts using a computer must separate and collate the pages. Whether studying with a local class or taking the course by correspondence, students will submit the final manuscript along with the print text to the NFB for scoring the manuscript. Candidates scoring eighty points or above will receive the Library of Congress certificate in literary braille transcribing. Students have three opportunities to submit an acceptable trial manuscript. Students names will be removed from the program's active file if they are not heard from for three months. The course takes approximately nine to twelve months to complete, including the trial manuscript. These manuals are available for download below, and hard copy formats are available to students upon request. Students who withdraw from the course are required to return the hard copy materials. Although this is not a complete instruction manual, it provides examples and practice exercises, which allow people who already know EBAE to quickly build on their knowledge of braille to understand UEB. It is available in PDF, BRF, and HTML, and includes answers for the exercises. By the end of the course, participants will understand the basic principles of UEB, be familiar with the most commonly used symbols, and know the rulebook well enough to find and use the symbols needed to transcribe literary material. It also includes answers for the exercises.http://sputnik.kr.ua/fckeditor/editor/filemanager/connectors/userfiles/iagc-marine-safety-manual.xml The course can be taken without enrolling for the Australian certificate. Two versions of the course are available: one for those accessing the screen visually at uebonline.org, and one that can be accessed by those using screen-reader technology with a refreshable braille display at accessible.uebonline.org. Already-certified transcribers and proofreaders should not submit the lessons for grading.There are recipes, chapters from books, famous speeches, and the like.The examination tests both braille reading and transcribing skills. Successful examinees will receive from the NLS a letter of proficiency in UEB, which is an add-on to an existing NLS certificate. Third Edition, 1984 Maxine B. Dorf. In Collaboration with Barbara H. Tate. National Library Service Physically Handicapped. The Library of Congress Instruction. Manual Transcribing. Third Edition, 1984. Maxine B. Dorf. The Library of Congress. Washington 1984. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Dorf, Maxine B. Instruction manual for Braille transcribing. Includes index. Congress. National Library Service for the Blind and. Physically Handicapped. III. Title. Preface to 1984 Edition ix. Foreword to Students. Purpose and Scope xi. Equipment xi. Braille Page Margins xii. Use and Preparation of Drills and Exercises xii. Mailing Materials xiii. Application Form xiii. Lesson 1. The Braille Alphabet Drill 1 2 Drill 2 2 Drill 3 3. Exercise One 3. Lesson 2. Capitalization, Paragraphing, Punctuation, Cardinal Numbers Drill 4 5 Drill 5 6 Drill 6 7 Drill 7 10 Drill 8 11. Exercise Two 11. Lesson 3. Single-Letter Contractions, Contractions for and, for, of, the, and with Drill 9 14 Drill 10 15. Exercise Three 16. Lesson 4. Part-Word Contractions for ch, sh, th, wh, ou, and st; Ordinal. Numbers; Whole- Word Contractions for child, shall, this, which, out, Drill 11 19 Drill 12 20. Exercise Four 20. Lesson 5. Part- Word Contractions for ar, ed, er, gh, ow, ble, and ing Drill 13 26. Exercise Five 27. Lesson 6.http://schlammatlas.de/en/node/20759 Whole- Word Lower-Sign Contractions for his, was, were, be, Drill 14 31 Drill 15 33. Exercise Six 34. Lesson 7. Whole- Word Lower-Sign Contractions for to, into, and by. Part- Word Lower-Sign Contractions for bb, cc, dd,ff, gg, and ea Drill 16 37 Drill 17 40. Exercise Seven 40. Lesson 8. Initial-Letter Contractions Drill 18 45. Exercise Eight 45. Lesson 9. Final-Letter Contractions, Contractions in Proper Names Drill 19 49. Exercise Nine 50. Lesson 10. Short-Form Words Drill 20 54. Exercise Ten 55. Lesson 11. Abbreviations in General; Abbreviations and Symbols for Coinage. Weight, Measure, or Division; Format for Letters Drill 21 60 Drill 22 63 Exercise Eleven 63. Lesson 12. The Letter Sign; Stammering, Speech Hesitation, and Vocal Sounds. Spelling and Syllabized Words; Lisped Words; Dialect Drill 23 68 Drill 24 70. Exercise Twelve 71. Lesson 13. Roman Numerals, Fractions, Decimals, and Miscellaneous Uses Drill 25 74 Drill 26 76. Exercise Thirteen 77. Lesson 14. The Italic Sign, the Ellipsis, Capitalized or Italicized Portions of Words, Drill 27 84 Drill 28 86. Exercise Fourteen 86. Lesson 15. The Accent Sign, Anglicized Words, Foreign Words and Texts, Greek and. Old and Middle English, Order of Punctuation Marks and Composition. Signs Drill 29 94 Drill 30 95. Exercise Fifteen 95. Lesson 16. The Asterisk, Footnotes and Notes, Source References, Credit Lines and. Attributions, Transcriber's Notes Exercise Sixteen 1 00. Lesson 17. Special Formats Exercise Seventeen 1 09. Lesson 18. Braille Book Format Exercise Eighteen 1 22. Lesson 19. The Trial Manuscript Appendix A. Summary of Rules for Use of Contractions 1 37. Appendix B. Typical and Problem Words 145. Appendix C. Alphabetical Index of Braille Signs. Alphabet and Numbers 1 66. Contractions, Word Signs, and Short-Form Words 166. Punctuation, Composition Signs, and Other Symbols 1 72. Index 175.http://experience-hr.com/images/canon-i-sensys-manuale.pdf Digitized by the Internet Archive Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation In undertaking this revision to the Instruction Manual for Braille Transcribing, we have had Several important structural changes also have been made. Lesson materials have been In addition, the format adopted for this edition results in a We hope that these changes will enhance the usefulness of the manual to Maxine B. Dorf. Head, Braille Codes Section. October 1983 Purpose and Scope. This manual is designed for use in the correspondence course in English braille transcribing English Braille — American Edition. This publication became the authorized braille code for use Great care has been taken to ensure that none of the sentences in the drills and exercises in this While greatly Appendixes at the back of the manual contain materials useful as references throughout the Most of the problems that are likely to be found in the transcription of general literature are Therefore, before attempting to If called upon to braille technical material on mathematics or Mathematics and Science Notation. The transcription of music must be in accordance with Avenue, Louisville, KY 40206. All persons using this manual are invited to submit comments, criticisms, or suggestions Handicapped, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20542. These will be studied carefully and Equipment. The following equipment and supplies will be required for use by the student: A good source for braille paper is the. American Printing House, at the address given above. If paper is ordered locally, specify. Jute Manila Tag with the grain running along the 11-inch dimension. North Beacon Street, Watertown, MA 02172. Purchase information and instructions for its If a braille slate and stylus are to be used, we recommend the 40-cell braille slate that is This braille slate consists of a metal guide and a wooden board. The The top strip has four rows Two pegs on the Insert the guide into the set of holes nearest the top of the board, with the hinged side at your At the top of the Place the paper well up over the To make sure that the paper is inserted straight, keep the Snap the clasp shut and The prongs of the clasp hold the paper in place, and the In doing so, hold the stylus in a vertical position, rather than at a Four lines of braille can be written with the guide in Continue in this manner until the entire page has been Braille Page Margins. The Library of Congress requires that books produced under its sponsorship be transcribed on The right-hand, top, and bottom margins should measure at least In order to ensure proper margins and a clear copy of the entire braille page by therrnoform Using the Perkins brailler. For a 38-cell braille line, set left margin to begin in cell 4, and set right margin to end in For a 40-cell braille line, set left margin to begin in cell 2, and set right margin to end in Using the 40-cell braille slate. For a 38-cell braille line, using tape or some other material, block off the first two cells For a 40-cell braille line, use all cells of the metal guide. Use and Preparation of Drills and Exercises. Material in this manual is divided into nineteen lessons, each of which is subdivided into Students enrolled In order to derive maximum benefit from The exercise at the end of each lesson is designed to test the student's ability to deal with Students enrolled Service. Only one exercise at a time should be submitted. Those students who are taking A 38-cell braille line is required in the preparation of the drills and exercises for Lessons 1-15 A 40-cell braille The first line of every page of an exercise should carry a centered heading, such as Excerise. One, Exercise Two, and so on. On the first page of each exercise, the heading should be followed The signature of the student should be affixed at the After each exercise has been examined, the student will receive a detailed report from the It is felt that, with the practice provided by the drills and with the Mailing Materials. The pages of brailled exercises mailed to instructors at the National Library Service should never With each new assignment, a postage- In preparing the trial manuscript for mailing, be sure that the pages are assembled in proper Then tie them securely together. The Application Form. Send to. National Library Service for the Blind The Library of Congress. Washington, DC 20542 I want to be certified as a braille transcriber by the Library of Congress. Please (check the appropriate box): Title of manuscript Do you have a copy of the Instruction Manual for Braille Transcribing? NOTE: Normally this application is submitted with the test transcription or with the first If you have indicated enrollment in the Library of Congress free course, please Can you attend a course in braille transcription in your area? ? Yes ? No. If you cannot attend regularly scheduled classes, would you accept personal instruction The Braille Alphabet Braille is a system for tactile reading and writing. It uses characters formed by combinations For convenience, the dots of the braille cell are numbered. On the embossed side of the There are two methods of manual braille transcription — by braille writer and by slate and stylus. The braille writer has six keys corresponding to the braille cell. Beginning at the center, the It should be noted, however, that when the braille slate is used, the Therefore, the writing must be done from The first ten letters of the alphabet are formed by using the upper and middle dots of the cell, The letter a is represented by dot 1; b by dots. Memorize the following letters by their dot numbers and configurations. For Writer. For Slate. Drill 1. Thoroughly familiarize yourself with the first ten letters of the alphabet by writing the Leave one cell (or space) blank between words. Your work on this The second ten letters of the alphabet are formed by adding dot 3 to each of the first ten. Thus, k is formed by adding dot 3 to a, 7 by adding dot 3 to b, and so on. For Writer For Slate Drill 2. Learn the second ten letters and, for practice in using them, write the following drill. The letters u, v, x, y, and z are formed by adding dots 3 and 6 to the first five letters. Thus, u The letter w, dots 2-4-5-6, does not fit into For Writer For Slate Drill 3. When you have learned the final six letters of the alphabet, write the following words for On the first line of Write your name in both braille and Lesson 2. Capitalization, Paragraphing, Punctuation, Cardinal Numbers In braille, there is no separate alphabet of capital letters. Instead, capitalization is indicated This and other special To indicate that all When proper names, such as McKENNA or. MacDONALD, are printed in capitals, the letters c or ac are usually smaller than the other Drill 4. Practice writing the following to familiarize yourself with the use of the capital sign. McWilliams Claude. Leon Paragraphs are indicated in braille by starting the first word of each new paragraph in the Never leave a blank line between paragraphs unless the print Where print ignores paragraph indention and uses all capital letters in the first few words at Such paragraphs should be properly indented and normal capitalization should be used. As in print, braille contains special characters to represent punctuation signs. The order and At no time must more than one space be left following braille Learn the following punctuation signs. Writer Slate Writer Slate. Drill 5. Practice writing the following sentences. Treat each sentence as a paragraph. I want six items: scissors, buttons, screws, nails, nuts, bolts. Miss Flynn, take a memo: Call Mr. Phelps at twelve noon; see Mr. Gray at six. Is John a college graduate. Give me back my Santa Claus suit. Nancy does twirl a baton nicely. I love all animals: cats, dogs, calves, pigs, goats, lambs, etc. Joanie wants a big blue umbrella. Take my book; hold my coat. Turn on a radio at once; an unusual report is on. Quiet, David, I am afraid. An ugly man knocks at my door. Donna is exquisitely built. Does Jimmy want a banana. Does he want my old bicycle. Help! Help! My leg is hurt. Jack loves poetry; give Tom prose. Aunt Patricia, may I date George next week. BRIGADOON, an old Broadway play, is a musical. I want a black cat; a gray squirrel gives Madge joy. Does Philip love my niece, Hilda. Kim has five suits: blue, gray, beige, black, coral. Now learn the following additional punctuation signs. Writer Slate. Writer. Slate Note that, of the characters above, the braille equivalents for brackets and single quotation The print punctuation signs are represented by their It should be remembered that the capital sign must Therefore, if a capital letter is preceded by If a passage consists of two If the print does not follow this normal Of course, this does not apply to Drill 6. Practice writing the following sentences, treating each as a paragraph. Jimmie (a husky boy, age twelve) ate a huge apple pie. Tis true, Johnny doesn't exploit all opportunities at college. Let's hunt squirrel; next (if Lady Luck smiles), we may get quail too. Grant (victor at Vicksburg) drank liquor freely. He sang an old, old tune, SWEET ROSIE O'GRADY. The hyphen, dash, and double dash are represented in braille as follows. Writer Slate A single-styllable word can never be divided. When dividing a multiple-syllable word between Correct syllabication of words is far from easy, and even dictionaries sometimes differ. Until We recommend use of Webster's Ninth New Collegiate. Dictionary for this purpose. Following are a few observations that may be helpful. In general, when a vowel is given a long sound in pronunciation, it should come at the end of Long Vowel. Short Vowel. Long Vowel. Short Vowel There are some outstanding exceptions to this practice, as with short vowels followed by tion, Some words are pronounced and divided in two different ways, depending on whether they Therefore, it may be necessary to determine from Short Sound Long Sound. Short Sound Long Sound Unfortunately, the recommended dictionary shows only one entry for most of these words, so it It should be observed that plurals of nouns are not given in the dictionary if they are formed As a general principle, the maximum number of spaces on a braille line should be utilized. Therefore, wherever there is room on a line for one or more syllables and a hyphen, even on the Whenever a hyphen appears at the end of a print line, it becomes necessary for the transcriber In the former case, the hyphen must Print Braille Compound words are constantly being coined by authors, and many of these words will not Therefore, when a hyphen appears at the end of a print line and In a hyphenated compound word, no space should be left before or after the hyphen; Examples: A double capital sign placed before a compound word indicates that all letters of the word Hyphens may also be used to indicate omitted letters in a word. When this is shown in However, since print does not always clearly differentiate between the two symbols in this In braille, no space must be left between the hyphen Although print may be inconsistent in the matter of spacing, in braille a space should not be Although a dash may begin or The dash, as a mark of punctuation, If it falls at the beginning of a braille line and is followed by a The braille Drill 7. He is an unhappy man — or is he. Lucille has on an extremely pretty blue-gray dress. Philip is a five- or six-trip-a-week pilot. Jack is a d— n fool. Jack's pal, Johnny M, is a fool too. TWO-ON-AN-ISLE TALES is a picturesque book. Tom-on-a-Spot funnies give Alice's playmates joy. I may take a walk or — No, I don't want my coat. Well, maybe on my next trip I'll return Amy's gold-piece. A Mr. — possesses secret files on Russian plans. Miss Pye, give John my notes— notes I made a week ago. Lectures on sculpture, poetry, jazz — classical music is taboo — give visitors broad cultural Pa's favorite tune is DEEP PURPLE. There are no special braille symbols for cardinal numbers. Instead, numbers are expressed by The effect of However, it is Although numbers joined by the hyphen The number sign must not be The latter should be represented in braille by the abbreviation No. Example. When a print number is preceded by an apostrophe, the apostrophe represents a missing In plural numbers, the apostrophe should be Drill 8. Practice writing the following sentences. Treat each sentence as a para- A blank line following the head- Remember to affix your signature in both braille and long- Follow these procedures in all subsequent exercises. Single-letter Contractions; Contractions for and, for, of, the, and with To save space and facilitate reading, certain groups of letters appearing frequently in the English The first type of contraction to be discussed is the one-cell whole- word sign that is repre- Following is a complete list of these contractions which These contractions should be used to represent the words for which they stand, regardless of However, contractions for the words do and so must not be used These contractions should be used to repre-. It must be emphasized that these contractions can only be used to represent whole words. When used as parts of words, they must be regarded simply as letters that have no contraction Similarly, x cannot be used for it in merit and h These contractions should be used when followed by the apostrophe in the following combi- However, they Thus, when the. Although these contractions consist of single letters, they stand for whole words. When such Drill 9. Practice writing the following sentences. The next group of contractions to be studied is as follows. Writer Slate Writer Slate In the case where two of these These contractions must not be written together if any punctuation or composition signs However, in a sequence of these In general, these contractions should be used as parts of words wherever the letters they repre- Note that the There is a general rule (Section 35a of the Code) that requires that preference be given to use It is for this reason that the sign for In Section 34b(2) and (3) of the Code there is also a general rule that a braille contraction Thus, where the prefix pro is followed by a root begin- The rule cited above also prohibits use of the sign for of in words like photoflood and twofold, However, the sign for of should be used in Drill 10. Practice writing the following sentences. You ate all the almonds. Part- Word Contractions for ch, sh, th, wh, ou, and st; Ordinal. Numbers; Whole- Word Contractions for child, shall, this, which, out, In General. Like the contractions discussed in Sections 3.3 and 3.4, those to be presented in this lesson are In the case of the contractions and, These contractions and Contraction. Dots. Part Word. Whole Slate In general, these signs are used as part- word contractions whenever the letters they represent As stated in the previous lesson, a contraction should not be used where part of the letters fall Thus, the sign for sh should not be used in Another general rule (Section 34b(4) of the Code) states that contractions should not be used When the words Street or Saint are abbreviated St.When they are abbreviated St (without the If these words are spelled out in print, The contractions for th and st should be used when writing ordinal numbers such as 1st and Occasionally, In such cases, Thus, 2d should be transcribed 2nd and 3d should Drill 11. Practice writing the following sentences. When these characters are used to represent whole words, they may be joined to punctuation or The only instances in which these Thus, the whole-word contraction for this should not be used in this' 11 and the whole- word These contractions may not be joined to other letters or contractions to form parts of words. Thus, dots 1-6 cannot be used to represent child in the word grandchild; however, this sign is Similarly, dots 1-2-5-6 cannot be used to repre- These whole-word contractions may be joined to other words by the hyphen to form hyphen- Like other whole- word contractions, these signs may be used to represent proper names, such When sh is used to mean an admonition to silence, the contraction for sh must not be used However, where th' is. V th' air or th'. Drill 12. Practice writing the following sentences. Paul Street as soon as we can locate a satisfactory house. Islands. Part- Word Contractions for ar, ed, er, gh, ow, ble, and ing The following contractions are part- word contractions only, and they have no whole- word Contraction Slate. Dots These contractions must be used as parts of words wherever the letters they represent occur They should be used when all the letters compris- Wherever any one-cell part- word contraction forms the last syllable of a word, there is no However, if such a final syllable is followed by punctuation, it Like the contractions previously studied, these contractions should not be used where part of the Thus, the sign for ed should However, in words like sedan where the se is not a An exception occurs in the case of the word sedate, Note also that in occasional Thus, the sign for ed should be used in Eden These contractions should not be used where part of the letters comprising them falls into a Thus, the sign for ed is not used in freedom or As has been stated previously, contractions should not be used where they fall partly into one Thus, the sign for ed should not be The letter e of the diphthong or diaeresis ae or oe must not be used as part of a contraction. As a practical matter, it seems safe to assume that the ae and oe combinations are always In a trigraph, three letters pronounced as a single sound, none of the letters can be combined Another general restriction on use of contractions (Section 34b(7) of the Code) is that they must For example, the sign for ed Certain combinations of consonants normally are pronounced as a single sound — for example, Where the letters in such combinations are pronounced separately, In the word dinghy, where the n and g are pro- The letter g may have either a hard sound as in single and finger or a soft sound as in singe There is one restriction on the use of the signs for ing and hie that does not apply to the other However, unless Still another general rule restricting the use of contractions (Section 34b(l) of the Code) is In such words As applied to the contractions discussed in this lesson, there is one exception (Section 34c of This exception occurs where words beginning with the Part- word signs that have no whole- word meanings should be used when they stand alone. Examples: Where a choice must be made between two Where alternative contractions or As with the plurals of nouns discussed in Lesson 2, the past tense and the past and present par- Therefore, the inexperienced tran- Thus, such words When a verb ends in a t or d that is doubled before the addition of ed, a new syllable is formed; The foregoing practices apply to verbs only. Care should be taken to distinguish adjectives When ing is added to a verb to form the present participle, it always results in an additional When er or est is added to adjectives to form the comparative or superlative, this always When the base word ends in ee,ont of the es is retained in the base word, and the other goes When a final consonant is doubled before adding the er or est, the added consonant belongs Drill 13. Practice writing the following sentences. Service from Walter Reed Hospital.