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feflow manual 6.1Copyright notice. No part of this manual may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated without written permission ofDHI-WASY, FEFLOW and WGEO are registered trademarks of DHI-WASY GmbH. DHI-WASY GmbH. Phone. Fax. E-Mail. Internet: www.feflow.comI Installation GuideInstalling FEFLOW (Windows)FEFLOW 6.1 User InterfaceSupermesh. Finite element-mesh. Expansion to 3DSystem recommendations. FEFLOW Installation. Demo Data Installation. Installation of the Network. License Manager NetLM. License installationInstallation PackagesModel ParametersMaterial propertiesFlow and Transport ModelInitial conditions. Horizontal Refinement. Material properties. Vertical resolution. Simulation Run. PostprocessingScope and Structure. Terms and Notations. Requirements. Model ScenarioThe FEFLOW simulation package contains the following main programs along with additional software tools. FEFLOW is an interactive finite-element simulationFEFLOW is provided on DVD for the followingServer 2008 x64 EditionFEFLOW for other Linux distributions may be available for download from the FEFLOW websiteFor evaluation purposes, it is possible to obtain aFEFLOW distributor. FEFLOW Viewer is free software for visualizing. FEFLOW models and results and for postprocessing purposes. FEFLOW Viewer is installed withI.2.1 Introduction. FEFLOW 6.1 provides powerful state-of-the-artTo run FEFLOW in single-seat mode, the DHI-WASY. License Manager NetLM has to be installed locally. If the the license shall be acquired from a licenseA license server can be set up by installing NetLMA typical FEFLOW installation on a Windows operating system consists of three steps. NetLM. After inserting the DVD into the DVD drive, anIf autostart is disabled, run Starter.exe fromThe hyperlinks in the overview can be used to startFEFLOW is automatically installed as a 32 bit version on 32 bit systems, and as 32 and 64 bit versions on 64 bit operating systems. I.2.2 System recommendations.http://www.mohini.cn/fckeditor/editor/filemanager/connectors/php/fckeditor/upload/202010/eos-450d-manual-download.xml
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The following system specifications are recommended as a minimum configuration. TheI.2.3 FEFLOW Installation. Start the Windows Installer by clicking on theClick Next afterFEFLOW without a license. Select Client if theServer if a Single Seat License is to be used or ifDetails about theFiles\WASY\FEFLOW 6.1. For specifying a different destination directory, click Browse.I.2.4 Demo Data Installation. The demo data installation is started by clicking onThis may take several minutes.I.2.6 Installation of the Network. Before installing the Network License Manager. NetLM we recommend to deinstall all previousThe installation is started by clicking on the hyperlink License Manager NetLM. Follow the instructionsI.2.7 License installation. There is only oneIf the dongle is lost, it canAdministration entry in the All Programs\WASYHostname or IP address field, insert localhost ifFEFLOW distributor or DHIWASY for a dongleThe license information can be pasted from theCopy the selected section in the licensePlease also makeFor the version,The information has to be identical in all details.Using a Network License for FEFLOW, the WASY. License Manager can be installed on any computerFEFLOW program files - required for runningWGEO Basis isFEFLOW. If a license dialogCancel.Windows desktop. Plot Assistant. GIS-like software for producing plots with FEFLOWII.1.1 About FEFLOW. FEFLOW (Finite Element subsurface FLOW andFEFLOW can be efficiently used to describe theSophisticated interfaces to GIS and CAD data as wellThe option to use and develop user-specific plugins via the programming interface (Interface.http://www.kk-gorenjska.si/uporabnik/file/eos-450d-service-manual.xml Manager IFM) allows the addition of external codeFEFLOW is available for WINDOWS systems as wellSince its first appearance in 1979 FEFLOW hasFEFLOW is usedFor additional information about FEFLOW pleaseThis exercise provides a step-by-step descriptionYou can skip anyThe demonstration exercise is not intended as anTherefore, some background knowledge ofThe exercise covers the following work steps:II.1.3 Terms and Notations. For following theFEFLOW have to be installed. The demo data installation package is availableIn addition to the verbal description of the requiredKeyboard keysAll required files areII.1.4 Requirements. If not already done, please install the FEFLOW software including the demo data package. A license isThe latest version of FEFLOW can be downloadedA fictitious nitrate contaminant has been detectedAn increasing concentration can be observed in two water supplyA three-dimensional groundwater flow and contaminant transport model is set up to evaluate theFirst, the model domainQuaternary sediments. The hydrogeologic systemThe northern part of the model area is primarilyIn both parts, significantII.2.1 Starting FEFLOW. On Windows Systems. On Linux SystemsThe demo modePlease keep inCross-Section view and Data-Trace view. The availability of different functionality like toolbarsView windows can be closed via the corresponding button in the view frame. New view windowsII.2.2 FEFLOW 6.1 User Interface. The user interface components are organized in aWhile the main menu is always visible, the otherThe last type of user interface component relevantLooking very similar toLast, but not least it might be worth to mentionThere is no limit on the number of undo steps.II.3.1 Maps and Model Bounds. After opening FEFLOW, start a new model byNew button in the. Standard toolbar.Some of these maps will also be used for modelAfter import, the maps are listed in the Maps. The first step of model setup is the definition of panel, sorted by their file type (see figure).http://fscl.ru/content/difference-between-computer-and-manual-accounting A doubleSupermesh view window. All necessary files for this exercise are provided withThe map files. Click on. Multiple, possibly nonoverlapping maps. Finish. Load all the followingYou may have to select All Maps in the Files of TypeThese vector files occupy their own branch in theDouble-click onNow have a closer look at a second panel, the. View Components panel. This panel lists the components that are currently plotted in the active viewWhen loading the map layers to the view, the mapsView Components panel.The topmost map is drawnThe topographic map has mainly been loaded forFor more clarity, itMake sure that the other mapsII.3.2 Supermesh. In the simplest case, the supermesh contains a definition of the outer model boundary. In addition,Additionally, the polygons, lines andThe drawing order of maps can be modified byAs mentioned above, a supermesh may containThe editing tools are found in theMesh Editor. Outer boundary and contaminationBefore generating the finite-element mesh, theThe positions of the wells can be imported directlyMaps panel and choose. The polygons can be directly loaded from the map. Maps panel, open the context menu of this map (with a right-click on theSupermesh Polygons. The points immediately appear as red dots in the. Supermesh view. The supermesh imported from the map does consist of several adjacent, non-overlapping polygons. For additional editing, different tools are availableFor this example, choose. Gridbuilder. Click. Generate Mesh to start mesh generation.For our purpose, especially for the simulation ofA finer spatial resolution is required. Activate the Supermesh view again so that the. Mesh Generator and. Supermesh toolbarII.3.3 Finite element-mesh. Once the outer boundary and other geometricalAll necessary tools can be found in the. Mesh Generator toolbar. First, one of the mesh generation algorithm provided by FEFLOW is chosen from the drop-downMesh Generator toolbar. In the. Mesh Generator toolbar, enterGenerate Mesh again. The finite-element mesh in the Slice view isLocal refinement. At the pumping wells steep hydraulic gradients areTo realistically represent these, fine discretization is necessary, too. Switch to the Supermesh view again to see the. Mesh Generation toolbar. If the view has beenAlso the mouse wheel mayGenerator Properties to open the. Generator Properties dialog. Besides refinement at points orFEFLOW also provides theTo obtain a refinement around the well locations,Point element gradation. Apply aLeave the dialog by clicking onGenerate Mesh one last time and checkThe refinement patternII.3.4 Expansion to 3D. Up to this point we have worked on the modelStarting from this 2D geometry, a 3D modelThe actual elevation of the layers tops and bottoms is derived by an interpolation based on mapFor this example, three geological layers are considered for the model. An upper aquifer is limitedThis underlying stratigraphic layer is assumed to be impervious and isFEFLOW distinguishes between layers and slices inIn a first step, the numbers of layers and slices areInitial 3D Setup. OpenFEFLOW switch the model geometry to 3D, theThe number of slices. By default,Such a file can beLibreOffice. Containing the target slice number asClick on. OK to apply the settings and to exitThis view shows the actual 3DThe 3D viewElevation Data. This raw geometry will be formed into its realGo to the. Maps panel and use the contextAdd Map(s).) to add elevations.dat toIt is not necessary to visualize the map in the view. As a next step, the attribute values of the data fileIn order to do this, open the context menuOn the left-hand side of the dialog, the availableSelect the entry. Ele with a mouse click. On the right-hand side, a tree view contains allIn this tree, open the. Elevation. Add Link to establish a connectionBesides linking the attribute field to the modelBy default, FEFLOW expects elevation data to beFEFLOW only applies two-dimensional interpolation. To separate data for the different slices, select. In the next line, choose the attribute Slice as FieldRegionalization Method in the lower part of the dialog, choose the. Akima method. As the properties, set. LinearClick on. OK to apply these settings and toThis can be done in theClick on the tab Projection and move the ScalingAlternatively, theElevation data assignment. Click into the 3D view to bring it to front. MakeRotate tool in the. ViewAs the model has a rather small vertical extentAs a next step, the target locations of the dataSelect All in the. Selection tool-Maps panel, open the branch Maps. Assign in the. Editor toolbar to applyIn the 3D view the node elevations are immediately updated.Note that also ElevationData panel and isClick onClear Selection in the. Selection tool-. The result looks as shown in the figure below. Probably the Scaling has to be adjusted againFEFLOW provides the means to simulate a number of different physical processes in different spatial and temporal dimensions, ranging from simpleAs the input parameters depend on the modelGo to. Problem Settings dialog, where all general settingsAll these settings are organized in thematic pagesProblem class. The principal type of the FEFLOW model is definedBelow the Scenario description (which is notBy default Standard (saturated) groundwater flowThough this option is selected, the model is ableAdditionalThe second option - Richards’ equation (unsaturated or variably saturated media) - would lead to. Richards’ equation being applied, being capableKeep the default setting (Standard groundwaterflow equation) for this exercise.Thus we first focusThe flow model is set up for steady-state conditions, switch to. Steady. Apply to apply the changes. Free Surface. The first aquifer in the simulation area is known toHereby, a reducedOn the same page, Problem class settings are done. Besides choosing between transient and steadystate conditions, it is also possible to add solute or. The settings for unconfined conditions are locatedFirst of all, switch to. Unconfined aquifers(s). In the Status column,Phreatic.Dependent (the status of the bottom slice 4 isFinally, set the Residual water depth for unconfinedThis allows modellingClose the dialog by clicking. Apply andIn the following sections, the physical propertiesThe respective parameters are found in the. Data panel. The parameters are organized inII.5.2 Boundary conditions. To calculate the hydraulic head distributionFor the sake of simplicity, they will be kept in aNo exchange of water is expected overThe hydraulic head boundary conditions areManual editing is often easier if being done in aIf you haveNorthern BoundaryFor the Slice view, the. Selection toolbar provides additional tools for selecting nodes comparedSelect Nodes Along a. Border. Slice view. This view type always shows a single slice or layer. Browsing between the slices is easiest by hittingSpatial UnitsThe recommended tool for navigation in the SlicePan tool in the. View toolbar. TheHaving this tool selected, click on the westernmostData panel and double-click onNext, the selection is extended to the other threeCopy Selection toTo manually assign a hydraulic-head boundaryEditor toolbar (see figure). IfAssign. Values.EnterAfter defining theEditor. Assign. Blue circles appear around the selected nodes toWhile having theData panel to also show the boundaryThe values of the boundary condition can beInspector toolbar. Move theThe values of all properties currently visible in theInspection panel.Spatial UnitsStore. Current. Selection (will appearSpatial. Units panel as NodeRename from its context menuNorthern. Boundary. Afterwards, it is important to select (click on). Domain in the. Spatial Units panel again. ThisClick on. Clear selection. The inspector tool can be closed by hitting Rotate) inView toolbar.The assignment of boundary conditions along theSelect nodes along a border. Copy selection to all slices.Hydraulic-head BC in the. Data panel is still active. Southern Boundary for later use.Spatial Units. Clear selection afterwards. Remaining outer boundaries. At nodes without an explicit boundary condition. FEFLOW automatically applies a no-flow condition. Therefore, no further action is required for thePumping wells. The wells are to be set in the southern part of theEditor toolbar and click. This kind of well, which stretches along a numberMultilayer wellsJoin Edges). Nodes along these edge selections areSeveral parameters are necessary to assign a multilayer well, including the pumping rate, the radiusWhile it is also possible to manually enter theseThe wells map contains attribute data that need toFEFLOW parameter. In order to do this, open theMaps. Link toRepeat these steps for the attribute fields. On the left-hand side of the dialog, you see theThe attribute CAPACITY relates to the abstractionOn the right-hand side, open the Boundary. Add Link to establish a connectionEach well will be created along that edge that isThe Snap Distance should be small but greater thanOK to close the dialog. The actual assignment is done in a similar wayUnder Linked Attributes. All boundary conditions are shown in the view. Faces in. View Components panel to see into theSelect All in the. Editor toolbar. EvenFinally check all boundary conditions you have set. Clear the selection and go to the 3D view. Make sure that Domain is selected in the. Spatial Units panel. Double-click on Boundary. Data panel.II.5.3 Material properties. Top Aquifer (Layer 1)In the top aquifer, the hydraulic conductivity, theEditor toolbarand hit. Although groundwater recharge from a mathematical point of view is rather a boundary condition, it is handled as a material property in. FEFLOW. In a 3D model, the respective parameterThe input procedures for material properties areMaps. Add maps(s)). This shape file containsFacesView Components panel again. Data panelSelection toolbar and selectDataThe hydraulic conductivity will be assigned byAkima. Linear, with NeighborsLogarithmic. Close the dialog with the. OK button. Data panel.Selection toolbar and select it. Maps panel, double-click onAssign button in the. Editor toolbar. OK button to finalize the assign-. Lower aquifer (Layer 3). Repeat the same steps as for layer 2. Clear selection and select the elements in theSelect Complete. Assign Multiple. from the context. Aquitard (Layer 2). A very efficient way to assign multiple modelData panel and. Assign Multiple. from the contextIn the following dialog,Uncheck all other properties.OK button to finalize the assign-. Anisotropic hydraulic conductivity. Select All elements in the 3D View. Copy. from the context menu ofPaste. from the context menu of. Besides manual assignment and data import. FEFLOW allows to calculate model propertiesThis will be usedFor this particular operation, select and deleteAfterwards, click on the multiplication symbol inAfterwards, press. Close button.Editor toolbar or by right-clicking into theThen double click on Current Expression. The. Expression Editor opens. The Expression Editor is a tool to create arbitraryAt the top of the dialog several toolbars provideOn the rightTo finally assign the new values, click the. Assign button in the. Clear selection.To be able to compare the computed groundwater levels to measurements, a couple of observation points will be loaded into the model. Go to the. Maps panel and use the contextMap(s).)It is not necessary to visualize the map in the view. Open the Slice view again if it has been closed. Right-click on the map entry in the. Maps panelThe map file containsAs default headers are used in this example file,Click the. OK button to proceed. The now imported observation wells can beSpatial Units panel.The flow part of the flow and transport model isIf running FEFLOW in demo mode, thisStarting the simulator. To run the simulation, click. Simulator toolbar. Start in the. As the model is unconfined, the system is solvedThe Error Norm. History chart provides information about theDuring and after the simulation, all visualizationMake sure to select Domain again in the. Spatial Units panel.It is recommendedGo to the. Data panel and double-click onIn addition, go to the. Spatial Units panel and. Data panel.Make sure to select Domain in theRate-Budget panel provides theIf it has been closed accidentally, open the. RateBudget panel via. Panel. Spatial Units. Budget. Check the. Active checkbox to activate theCPUs or multiple. CPUs the simulation resultSpatial Units panel and right-click to open theThe budget shows inflows in green, outflows inFaces in the. View Components panel to be able to see insideStreamlines. Choose. Store Current Selection first and then. Rename the saved selection to Wells. Spatial Units panel, click on Node. One way to visualize the flow field is the plottingIn the. Data panel, double-click on Process. Streamlines are calculated by tracking the path ofIn the. View Components panel, right-click onProperties from the context menu. In our case, multiple streamlines are released fromIn the now opened. Properties panel, enterApply. Still in the Properties panel, right-clickFirst, a selection is created containing all nodesGo to the 3D view. Selection toolbar make sure that the. Select Nodes option is set. Data panel, right-click on BoundaryTravel time. View Components panel.As a result, the pathlines are shown in the 3D view. The color scale displays discrete intervalls of travelModelStop button in the. When the flow model has been run, the processAfter the run,In our case these will be used as the initial condition for the transient flow model. From the result it can be seen that the western wellHowever, the streamlinebased evaluation does not take into account anyFor this purpose, a transport model is needed. FacesView Components panel before proceeding.Stop.). II.7.1 Problem settings. Problem class. From the preliminary streamline analysis based onProblem Settings and open the Problem SettingsMass (Dissolved. Constituents) and choose the. Transient optionEnter a value ofConfirm with. Click onApply andTime stepping. In a transient model temporal discretization has toBy default, FEFLOW uses an automatic time-stepII.7.2 Initial conditions. Click on Domain in the. Spatial Units panel. Switch to the 3D view. Double-click on ProcessData panel. The 3D view shows the defaultContamination sources. The contamination sources are represented by aFirst, a selection of the nodes belonging to theConcentration in the. Data panel. In the. Maps panel, activate (double-click) the map. Choose the option. SelectSelection toolbar. Make sure the Snap distanceSnap-Distance toolbar. Click. Select by All Map Geometries in the. Selection toolbar. The contamination in both areas is found to reachCopyThe initial concentrations in these areas are to beGo to the. Maps panel and add the map file. Associate (Inverse Distance asAssign. II.7.3 Horizontal Refinement. Due to the advective flow term, transportFirst, the area to be refined is selected as aSnap-Distance toolbar.Select by Map Polygon in the. Selection toolbar and click on. Select by All. Map Geometries. This will select all nodes withinMesh-Geometry toolbar once.To improve the meshMake sure that the. Add to Selection option in the. SelectionSelect by All MapGeometries again in order to create a selectionSmooth Mesh button to perarea. Press theClear selection. II.7.4 Boundary Conditions. Northern and southern boundariesGo to the. Spatial Units panel and open theAdd to currentRepeat this step with the node selection Southern. In the 3D view all nodes along both borders areSpatial Units panel. Data. Editor toolbar, ensure that theAssign Values mode is active, input a value of. Blue circles indicate that first kind boundary conditions are set, similar to the flow boundary conditions.Constraints. As stated before, water entering the model at theDepending on the hydraulic head distribution,In this case, a free outflow of contaminatedDo not forget toDomain entrySpatial Units panel beforeAlgebraic signsConstraint and Boundary. Conditions: For Constraint. For Boundary. Conditions Inflows areExpand the tree view and activate (double-click). Min. mass-flow constraint and assignThe minimumThis requires a dynamic change of the mass transport boundary condition depending on the flowA constraint in our case is used to limit the massThe constraints are technically applied in the sameHowever, for the sakeData panel andIn the. Data panel, open the context menu of. Min. mass-flow constraint. II.7.5 Material properties. As the annual rainfall data shows a significant variability during the simulated period, the groundwater recharge is assumed to be time-varying inGo to the Maps panel and load the map. Maps.) and choose Link to Parameter. from itsIn the Parameter Association dialog, browse toChoose the option Assign. Material Data to Time Stages. The upcoming dialog lets you define the time stages for which timevarying recharge data shall be assigned (for timeImport. button lets you get those time stagesOpenThis will fill the list with annual time stage intervals up until 7300 days. Click. OK to close theThe links between the attribute fields and the timestages is done in the same way as with constantClick the. The list has to contain the same values as given inInstead of populating the list manually, theGo to the Slice view and browse to Slice 1.To simplify the data input of the remaining parameters, the material parameters effective for massGo to the 3D view and activate (double click)Data panel. Select All elements. Finally, set the Snap distanceAssign. The values for the time stages have now been. Data panel, notice that aClear Selection. Visualize the different recharge values for time. View Components panel andMaterial Time inTransport in the. Data panel and choose. Assign Multiple. from the context menu. Afterwards,To ensure a correct representation of low flowOn the right side, a list of the existing slices isFixed, checking the checkbox. The next slice is to be inserted 0.1 m below theIncrease the Number of layers toGo to. Type a value ofIncrease the Number of layers in the input box inIn the upcoming Slice Selection dialog, drag the. New Slice 1 again between Slice 2 and Slice 3 andTo ensure that the data are transferred correctly from the old to the new slices and layers,There are two lists that provide control over theThe old slicesThe data flowThe nodal parameters of the old slice 2 are inherited to the new slices 2 and 3, while the information from the old slice 3 is to be inherited by slicesFEFLOW suggests to transfer the model propertiesAs a result, the link from old slice 2 points to newThe data flow in the lower list for the materialII.7.7 Simulation Run. Includes a long term simulation tool for continuous simulations of long periods and a unique automatic pipe design tool CS - CONTROL This module features advanced real time control capabilities. It makes the definition of complex operational logic for interdependent regulators fully transparent and easy. CS - POLLUTION TRANSPORT This module includes pollution transport by advection and dispersion as well as sediment transport. CS - BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES This module includes simulation of chemical and biological processes in sanitary systems and combined systems. CS - RAINFALL RUNOFF This module includes multiple rainfall-runoff models such as time area method, kinematic wave, linear reservoir and UHM as well as an RDI module for the generation of continuous inflow typically applied for simulating slow response inflows (such as infiltration). GROUNDWATER AND PIPE FLOW MODELLING Accurate modelling of the two-way interaction between pipes in the ground and the surrounding aquifer. This allows modelling of infiltration to and leakage from pipes as well as modelling of the potential side effects of infiltration prevention. For more information, please see MIKE SHE on page 30. BENEFITS MIKE URBAN is the modelling software package for all urban water modelling activities. You can maximise your productivity and fully leverage your investment in GIS and water modelling software tools. All GIS licences and components required are embedded in the MIKE URBAN licence. MIKE URBAN is available in many languages and users are supported locally in more than 30 countries. Regardless of which engine you choose or which model you build, all your data is stored in one database. 11 CITIES WEST WEST Modelling and simulation of wastewater treatment plants WEST is a powerful and user friendly software application for dynamic modelling and simulation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and other types of water quality related systems. It is designed for operators, engineers and researchers interested in studying physical, biological or chemical processes in WWTPs, sewer systems and rivers. APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS FEATURES EVALUATION OF DESIGN OPTIONS When designing or upgrading a WWTP, one may be interested in comparing different design solutions in terms of performance with respect to specific objectives (eg effluent quality, investment and operational costs). The Scenario Analysis tool and the possibility to define custom objective functions in WEST enable engineers to select the best design for their plant. MONITORING OF PLANT OPERATION AND TROUBLESHOOTING A calibrated model of a WWTP can be used to predict the dynamic response to different types of variations (for example in the influent composition), to identify bottlenecks and the appropriate countermeasures, or to train the operators through the offline simulation of a variety of control actions. The Scenario and Uncertainty Analysis tools in WEST are very beneficial in understanding the complex processes taking place in a modern WWTP. PHYSICAL MODELS ? Buffer tanks ? Activated sludge tanks. Integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS). Settling tanks ? Sand and trickling filters. Sequencing batch reactors (SBR). Membrane Bioreactors (MBR). Sludge dewatering units. Anaerobic digesters. Chemical dosing units. Controllers and Timers A more conventional approach to plant design can be taken by means of the Designer application, which allows for designing a WWTP according to a template, following a design protocol (eg ATV). PROCESS OPTIMISATION Improvements to the operations of a WWTP may lead to considerable benefits in terms of process performance, effluent quality as well as operational costs, for example for aeration. The Parameter Estimation tool enables engineers to identify the combination of operational conditions that optimises a given objective.