elpro 905u-d manual
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elpro 905u-d manualBoth offer node to node, node to multi-node and repeatability for greater range. Integrated forward error correction maximizes bit error rate providing greater transmission reliability and configurable DTR controlled low power mode on the RS232 port aids reduction of overall power consumption. The modem is hazardous area approved delivering strong resistance in harsh industrial environments. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. ATTENTION! Incorrect termination of supply wires may cause internal damage and will void warranty. To ensure your 9 05U -D enjoys a long life, double check ALL your connections with the user’s manual before turning the power on. This device complies with Part 15.247 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1) This device may not cause harmful interference and 2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This device must be operated as supplied by ELPRO Technologies Pty Ltd. Any changes or modifications made to the device without the written consent of ELPRO Technologies Pty. Ltd. May void the user’s authority to operate the device. End user products that have this device embedded must be supplied with non-standard antenna connectors, and antennas available from vendors specified by ELPRO Technologies. Please contact ELPRO Technologies for end user antenna and connector recommendations. Notices: Safety: Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration. The FCC has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment as a result of its actions in General Docket 79-144 on March 13, 1996. CAUTION: To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements in section 1.http://abigskyevent.com/admin/UserFiles/dell-monitor-e172fp-manual.xml
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1310 of the FCC Rules, antennas used with this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons to satisfy RF exposure compliance. All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician. Chapter Four Configuration details the configurations available and explains the diverse operation of the product in detail. Chapter Five Specifications details the features of the product and lists the standards to which the product is approved. Chapter Six Troubleshooting will help if your system has problems and Chapter Seven specifies the Warranty and Service conditions. The foldout sheet 905U-D Installation Guide is an installation drawing appropriate for most applications. In other countries, refer to the relevant Regulatory Authority. Check the Installation Guide for your country listing. 2. Where a radio licence is not required, operation is authorised by the relevant Authority in your country on a non-protection basis. Although all care is taken in the design of these units, there is no responsibility taken for sources of external interference. Some delay in the operation of the module may occur during periods of interference. Systems should be designed to be tolerant of these delays. 3. To avoid the risk of electrocution, the aerial, aerial cable, and all terminals of the 905U-D module should be electrically protected. To provide maximum surge and lightning protection, the module should be connected to a suitable earth and the aerial, aerial cable, and the module should be installed as recommended in the Installation Guide. 4. To avoid accidents during maintenance or adjustment of remotely controlled equipment, all equipment should be first disconnected from the 905U-D module during these adjustments. Radio modems transmit serial data over a long distance via radio. The serial data is not changed - the output data is the same as the input data.http://ametansk.ru/uploads2/dell-monitor-e193fp-manual.xml Although the 905U-D is intended to be simple in its application, it also provides many sophisticated features. This manual should be read carefully to ensure that the modules are configured and installed to give reliable performance. Each 905U-D module will connect to a host device by RS232 or RS485 serial connection. Examples of host devices are PLC’s, data loggers, intelligent transducers and computers. The 905U-D unit can receive data from the host device and transmit this data by radio to another (or several) 905U-D module. The other module will recreate the serial data and output it as either a RS232 or RS485 serial signal. The 905U-D unit provides two-way communications - each module can accept serial data and also output serial data. The 905U-D radio frequency has been selected to meet the requirements of unlicensed operation for remote monitoring and control of equipment. That is, a radio licence is not required for the 905U-D modules in many countries. See Chapter Five Specifications for details. The units are configured from a terminal using Hayes commands or by using switches under the plastic cover on the front of the unit. RS232 is an electrical standard format for a full duplex point-to-point serial connection. RS485 is an electrical standard format for a half-duplex multidrop serial connection. Up to 32 devices can communicate on a common RS485 serial bus. Each 905U-D unit can only connect to one serial signal - either RS232 or RS485. However different modules in the same system can connect to different types of serial signals. For example, RS232 data from one host device can be transmitted to a remote 905U-D unit and output as RS485 data to another host device. The 905U-D has been designed to be flexible enough to cover a wide range of applications. The user is able to configure many different parameters such that the 905U-D unit will connect reliably to different types of host devices.http://www.jfvtransports.com/home/content/boss-gs-10-manual Before the radio modem can be used, these parameters must be configured. The operation of the 905U-D radio modem is relatively simple. As data is received at the serial port, the data is transmitted on the radio channel. Up to 520 bytes of data can be. The radio transmission commences when the first data byte is received, and ends when there are no more data bytes in the input buffer, or when the number of bytes transmitted equals the maximum message length (user configurable - default 520 bytes). If more than 520 bytes is input, the 905U-D unit will transmit the first 520 bytes, then the next 520 bytes, and so on until all of the data has been transmitted. Because the radio data rate could be less than the input serial data rate, an input memory buffer of 8Kbytes is provided. The RS232 connection provides CTS control to prevent the buffer overflowing. There are no data flow control signals for RS485. A radio channel cannot provide as secure a data channel as a wired connection. The 905U- D uses a UHF radio channel with a very low level of natural or industrial noise, however there is a chance of interference from other users of the unlicensed radio channel. We recommend that the flow of data over the radio channel is controlled by using error detection and “handshaking” - that is, returning an acknowledgment transmission if a data packet is received on the radio channel without error. This function can be performed by either the host devices or the 905U-D modules. The modules may be configured by the user to operate in one of two modes. In transparent mode, it is assumed that the host devices control the flow of data. In controlled mode, the 905U-D units control the flow of data. 1.2 Transparent Mode The default configuration of the 905U-D modem is transparent mode - the modules are set in this mode at the factory. In transparent mode, there is no control of the data transmissions.http://www.jaybross.com/images/9412-gv3-manual.pdf Input data is simply transmitted by radio and every other 905U-D unit in that system which receives the transmission will output the data. This mode relies on the host devices to perform the “handshaking” function, and re-transmitting serial data if the data is corrupted (no “handshake”). It also relies on the host devices to include any addressing necessary in the data. In this mode, modules are not configured with a unit address. Data is “broadcast” - every other 905U-D in the system will receive the data and output the data to their individual host devices. The user may configure the 905U-D modems to add error checking to each data packet transmitted - if error checking is configured, data will not be output if it is received without a correct error-check. This feature provides additional protection against corruption of the data during the radio transmission. If error-checking is not configured, then the data received by radio will be output without checking for errors. Transparent mode is suitable for a host device which is able to communicate on a multi-drop “bus” type network. An example of an application is the use of radio modems to extend a PLC RS485 network. Each 905U-D unit is configured with an address by the user, and a destination address for the data to be transmitted to. Data is transmitted addressed to the destination module, and only this module will output the serial data. The source module will add an error-check (16 bit CRC) to the data transmitted by radio. The destination module will process the error- check, and if correct, it will transmit an acknowledgment message (ACK) back to the source module. If the error-check is not correct, then the destination module will transmit a “fail” message (NACK) back to the source module. If the source module receives a NACK return, or does not receive any return within 1 second, it will re-transmit the data. The source module will attempt to transmit the data up to five times, until an acknowledgment (ACK) is received. If an acknowledgment is still not received, then a “communications failure” output will be activated, and the source module will not accept any more input data from its host device. An example of an application using controlled mode would be a radio modem link between an intelligent gas analyser and a monitoring computer system. Intelligent transducers do not normally provide addressing or error checking functions - these would be provided by the 905U-D modules. In controlled mode, the destination address may be set by the host device by initially sending a “Hayes” command to the 905U-D module, or by on-board miniature switches. Hayes commands are a standard set of commands used with conventional telephone modems. An example of an application that would use Hayes command to set destination addresses would be a central computer polling data loggers for periodic information. The purpose of a repeater unit is to extend radio range. In transparent mode, only one module per system may be used as a repeater. If more than one module is configured as a repeater, any message transmitted in the system will be continually re-transmitted between the repeater units. The repeater in transparent mode will repeat every transmission it receives. In controlled mode, up to five repeaters may be configured for any transmission path. Terminals will accept wires up to 2.5 sqmm in size. Normal 110-240V mains supply should not be connected to any terminal of the 905U-D module. Refer to Section 2.3 Power Supply. Before installing a new system, it is preferable to bench test the complete system. Configuration problems are easier to recognise when the system units are adjacent. Following installation, the most common problem is poor communications caused by incorrectly installed aerials, or radio interference on the same channel, or the radio path being inadequate. If the radio path is a problem (ie path too long, or obstructions in the way), then higher performance aerials or a higher mounting point for the aerial may rectify the problem. Alternately, use an intermediate 905U-D Module as a repeater. The foldout sheet 905U-D Installation Guide provides an installation drawing appropriate to most applications. Further information is detailed below. The distance which may be reliably achieved will vary with each application - depending on the type and location of aerials, the degree of radio interference, and obstructions (such as hills or trees) to the radio path. See the 905U-D Installation Guide for expected ranges in your country. Where it is not possible to achieve reliable communications between two 905U-D modules, then a third 905U-D module may be used to receive the message and re-transmit it. This module is referred to as a repeater. An aerial must be connected to each 905U-D module using the BNC female connector at the top of the module. To achieve the maximum transmission distance, the aerials should be raised above intermediate obstructions such that the radio path is true “line of sight”. Because of the curvature of the earth, the aerials will need to be elevated at least 5 metres above ground for paths greater than 5 km (3 miles). For short distances, the modules will operate reliably with some obstruction of the radio path. Obstructions which are close to either aerial will have more of a blocking effect than obstructions in the middle of the radio path. For example, a group of trees around the aerial is a large obstruction, and the aerial should be raised above the trees. However if there is at least 100 metres of clear path before a group of trees, the trees will have little affect on the radio path. The higher the aerial is mounted, the greater the transmission range will be, however as the length of coaxial cable increases so do cable losses. For use on unlicensed frequency channels, there are several types of aerials suitable for use. It is important aerials are chosen carefully to avoid contravening the maximum power limit on the unlicensed channel - if in doubt refer to an authorised service provider. Connections between the aerial and coaxial cable should be carefully taped to prevent ingress of moisture. Moisture ingress in the coaxial cable is a common cause for problems with radio systems, as it greatly increases the radio losses. We recommend that the connection be taped with a layer of PVC insulating tape, then a layer of vulcanising tape such as “3M 23 tape”, with a final layer of PVC insulating tape. Where aerials are mounted on elevated masts, the masts should be effectively earthed to avoid lightning surges. Although the 905U-D module is fitted with surge protection, additional surge suppression devices are recommended if lightning surge problems are experienced. If the aerial is not already shielded from lightning strike by an adjacent earthed structure, a lightning rod may be installed above the aerial to provide shielding. 2.2.1 Dipole aerial. A unity gain dipole is the normal aerial for use on unlicensed channels. As it does not provide any gain, then the power transmitted from the aerial will be the same as the power out of the module, and hence will not exceed the permitted power of the unlicensed channel. For marginal radio paths, the following lengths are the recommended maximum for the coaxial cable to the dipole aerial. RG58 10 metres RG213 20 metres. Note that this applies to marginal paths only - if the radio path has a strong radio signal, then longer lengths of cable ( and hence more cable loss) can be tolerated. If more than 20 metres of cable is required for a marginal path installation, then a low loss cable such as RG9913 should be used. Alternatively, a higher gain aerial may be used to compensate for losses. Dipole aerials should be mounted vertically, at least 1 metre away from a wall or mast. 2.2.2 Three element Yagi ae rial. A 3 element Yagi aerial provides approx 4 dB of gain. This may be used to compensate for coaxial cable loss for installations with marginal radio path. Note that these aerials should not be used if the coaxial cable lengths are less than the following minimum lengths, otherwise the power transmitted from the aerial will exceed the power permitted for the unlicensed channel. Yagi aerials are directional. That is, they have positive gain to the front of the aerial, but negative gain in other directions. Hence Yagi aerials should be installed with the central beam horizontal and must be pointed exactly in the direction of transmission to benefit from the gain of the aerial. Also note that Yagi aerials normally have a drain hole on the folded element - the drain hole should be located on the bottom of the installed aerial. For a two station installation, with both modules using Yagi aerials, horizontal polarisation is recommended. If there are more than two stations transmitting to a common station, then the Yagi aerials should have vertical polarisation, and the common (or “central”) station should have a dipole or collinear aerial. Yagi aerials should not be used where a module is receiving messages from more than one other module such as repeater of “base-station” situations. An omni-directional aerials such as a dipole or a collinear aerial should be used. 2.2.3 Collinear (3dB) aerial. A 3dB collinear aerial may be used in the same way as a 3 element Yagi to compensate for the losses in long lengths of coaxial cable. This type of aerial is generally used at a central site with more than one remote site. The collinear aerial looks similar to the dipole, except that it is longer. The supply negative is connected to the “GND” terminal internally. The positive side of the supply must not be connected to earth. The DC supply may be a floating supply or negatively grounded. The 12V supply is suitable for an unregulated DC supply. Where battery backup is required, a 12V battery charger may be used to supply the 905U-D module as well as charging the battery. The power requirements of the 905U-D units is 155mA at 12VDC or 100mA at 24VDC. The supply is protected by an internal 1A fuse, accessible at the bottom of the unit. 2.4 Serial Connections 2.4.1 RS232 Serial Port The serial port is a 9 pin DB9 female and provides for connection to a host device as well as a PC terminal for configuration, field testing and for factory testing. This port is internally shared with the RS485 - ensure that the RS485 is disconnected before attempting to use the RS232 port. Communication is via standard RS232 signals. The 905U-D is configured as DCE equipment with the pinout detailed below. E xample cable drawings for connection to a DTE host (a PC) or another DCE host (or modem) are detailed below. These example are for transparent mode. Controlled mode may require the use of DTR or DCD signals. 2.4.2 RS485 Serial Port The RS485 port provides for communication between the 905U-D unit and its host device using a multi-drop cable. Up to 32 devices may be connected in each multi-drop network. Note that the RS485 port is shared internally with the RS232 port - make sure that the RS232 port is disconnected before using the RS485 port. Thus communication protocols based on the RS-485 standard require some type of arbitration. The 905U-D “holds off” for three character times after receiving data from the RS-485 port before transmitting on the RS-485 port. RS485 is a balanced, differential standard but it is recommended that shielded, twisted pair cable be used to interconnect modules to reduce potential RFI. An RS485 network should be wired as indicated in the diagram below and terminated at each end of the network with a 120 ohm resistor. It is important to maintain the polarity of the two RS485 wires. 2.5 Communications OK (DCD) Output The 905U-D provides a digital output signal to indicate “communications OK” in controlled mode. The DCD (data carrier detect) output is “on” or active when a radio link has been established with the destination module. The output will reset (switch “off”) if a communications failure occurs. If the 905U-D unit does not receive an acknowledgment message after attempting to transmit a data packet five times, it will reset the DCD output. The following table details the status of the indicating LEDs on the front panel under normal operating conditions. LED Indicator Condition Meaning OK On Normal Operation Radio RX GREEN flash RED flash Radio receiving data Weak radio signal Radio TX Flash Radio Transmitting Serial RX GREEN flash RED flash GREEN continuously Serial Port Receiving CTS low Configuration Mode Serial TX GREEN flash Serial Port Transmitting DCD On Transparent mode - always on Controlled mode - on when communications link is established DCD Off Communications failure or link not established Other conditions indicating a fault are described in Chapter Six Troubleshooting. Low Power Operation The 905U-D may be forced to a low power condition where it switches off its receiver - power consumption is reduced to approx 20 of normal. The low power condition will occur if the 905U-D is configured for controlled mode (modes 6 or 7), AND if an autodial address is configured, AND if the low power mode feature is configured in the “character type” selection, AND if the DTR signal is “low” or “off”. The use of this low power operation may be applicable in remote locations where there is a limited power supply such as solar panels. In this situation, the DTR signal from the host device is used to “wake-up” the 905U-D unit. The 905U-D unit will then operate normally until the DTR signal is reset by the host device. This buffer will store 8Kbytes of data, and CTS control is provided on the RS232 port to prevent overflow. When the 905U-D unit detects data in the input buffer, it initiates a radio message. The radio message will end when the number of transmitted bytes reaches the maximum message length (configurable by the user). The message will also end if the input buffer becomes empty, however the radio transmitter will remain active for a delay time in case more bytes are input at the serial port. The delay time is called the “tail time” and is configurable by the user. 3.2.1 Character Type The 905U-D may be configured by the user to recognise the following types of characters. Data Bits Start Bits Stop Bits Parity 7 1 1 even 7 1 1 odd 7 1 2 none 7 1 2 even 7 1 2 odd 8 1 1 none 8 1 1 odd 8 1 1 even 8 1 2 none Most applications will require the character type to be the same at each 905U-D modem in the system. Nevertheless, the character type may be configured to be different at different 905U-D modems. Data is transmitted by radio as an eight-bit byte without stop or start bits. If the input data is 7 data bits without parity, then the byte transmitted by radio comprises the 7 bits plus a zero bit. If the input data is 7 data bits with parity, then the byte transmitted comprises the same byte. Input characters with 8 bits are transmitted as just the 8 data bits, with no parity. Because the data may be transmitted without parity, the user may configure CRC error checking to be added to each transmitted data packet. The user must configure the radio data rate at each 905U-D module. The configured radio data rates must be the same for each module in a system. On noisy radio channels, the range at 9600 baud will be less than 70 - as the noise level increases, the range difference between 4800 baud and 9600 baud increases. Each 905U-D unit in the same system must be configured with the same system address - refer Section 4, Configuration. This allows the 905U-D unit to effectively transfer data when the data rate arriving at the serial port is lower than the radio data transfer rate. After each character is sent, the transmission remains active waiting for the next character. Up to 520 bytes of data may be transmitted in a message - the maximum message size is configurable between 10 and 520 bytes. The data consists of a sequence of 8 bit bytes. Start, stop and parity bits are not transmitted, but they are re-generated at the receiving unit (if configured). A “transmit delay” time and a “receive delay” time may also be configured. After each message is transmitted, a 905U-D unit will not transmit another message during the transmit delay time. After a message is received, a message will not be transmitted during the receive delay time. These parameters may be used to fine tune and give priority to different 905U-D units in a system. The default time of the transmit delay (70 msec) is selected for polling applications. If the host device sends more than one poll command, the second poll message will be delayed to allow a response to be received for the first poll message. The user can reduce this transmit delay time if it is not required. Units do not provide handshaking functions to control the flow of data. Every unit which receives the radio message, and has the correct system address, will output the data. Transparent mode operation is effectively a broadcast system. Data received at the serial port is transmitted out of the radio port. Data received from the radio is transmitted out of the serial port. Prior to transmitting, units will listen to the radio channel to ensure that it is clear - units will hold off from transmitting until the radio channel is clear. At the RS232 port, the CTS pin is high while there is space in the input data buffer. Host devices should provide a suitable protocol to ensure that error checking, handshaking and implementation of an appropriate re-transmission scheme is provided. This mode of operation is particularly suited to devices designed to operate over a multidrop network, such as PLC systems designed for operation over a RS-485 network. One 905U-D unit may be configured as a repeater. This unit will not output data at its serial ports. Any message received at the radio port, with the correct system address, will be re- transmitted. If error checking is configured, data will be output approx 2msec after the end of the message. The time between transmissions is set by the transmit and receive hold-off times configured by the user. 3.4 Controlled Mode In controlled mode, data is only transferred between two modules (that is, a point to point link). One of the modules is configured as a “master” unit and the other as a “slave” unit. There can also be up to five intermediate repeaters in the link. Each 905U-D unit is configured with a unit address - only the unit with an address matching the destination address of the radio message will process the message and output the serial data. To establish a link, the master will transmit a special “connect” message. This initial message will not include any data. If the “slave” unit receives the initial message, and is not already connected to another 905U-D unit, it will return an acknowledgment message. Both units will activate their DCD LED, and also activate their DCD output signal. If the master. When the connection is made (DCD set), the 905U-D units can transmit data to each other. The destination address may be configured two ways. The ATD command enters a “single-dial” address. The ATD command has to be used each time a connection is to be made - the 905U-D will not remember the previous destination address. If an auto-dial address is configured, the master will transmit the “connect” message every ten seconds until it receives an acknowledgment. If a single-dial address, the master unit will try to connect five times - if no acknowledgment is received, a “BUSY” or “NO ANSWER” response is sent to the host connected to the master. The host must then issue the ATD dial command to the 905U-D before it will try to connect again. The auto-dial operation is similar to a fixed line modem, where the destination address is always the same. Once the auto-dial address is configured, it does not need to be entered again. If the communications link fails (DCD resets), the master unit will automatically send connect messages to re-establish the link. The single-dial operation is similar to a dial-up modem. The 905U-D will make a connection to another unit only when it is told to by the host device. If the communications link fails for any reason, the master unit will not send a connect message until it receives another ATD command. Either of the two modules at the end of the link can be the “master” unit - the “master” unit has the responsibility of establishing the radio link and periodically checking the link. Data can be transferred in both directions - from the “master” to the “slave” and from the “slave” to the “master”. Once the communications channel has been established, the 905U-D unit will accept input data and send radio messages with data. When a 905U-D unit receives a radio message, it will check the system address and destination address, and also the error-check (optional). If these are correct, it will return a ACK (acknowledgment) message to the source unit. If the system address or destination address is not correct, then no return message is sent. If the addresses are correct, but the error-check incorrect, then a NACK (error) message is sent to the source unit.